Keyword: «soul»

The authors reveal the key points of the cultural theory of O. Spengler: the decline of the West. The authors describe the ideas of the theory in the Russian and European cultures.

The article presents an analysis of the theme of belief and unbelief in the dreams of the main character of the novel. The author comes to the conclusion that dreams Artem Goryainov are based on the principle of pressure and weakening, which allows to describe more deeply the character, to look into the deepest corners of his subconscious, to get closer to understanding the essence of what is happening in the literary fact, and also to trace the path of spiritual evolution of the hero, finding yourself, finding true values.

The study of the phenomenon of love (and the erotic feeling of love, in particular, as the standard that still remains in terms of explicating human nature) goes back to Plato’s philosophy, who laid down in general the classical tradition of treating love as “ideal” (“Platonic love”). Thus, as a mirror reflecting the nature of man ("spirit - body"), erotic love reveals all axiological preferences of the classical philosophical tradition, which distinguishes the first component as more significant one. “Platonic love” in the context of the relationship between a man and a woman, while structuring the feeling of love, emphasizes spiritual aspect (“love - sex”). Subsequent sociohistorical epochs through consistently implemented sexual and erotic revolutions demonstrated the possibilities of restructuring erotic love (“love - erotica - sex”), as well as limiting the axiological accents of “non-platonic” types of love (sexuality; eroticism). The article is devoted to the search for the essence of the erotic love feeling (as reflecting human nature most fully), its structure and specific manifestation (with organic merits and demerits).

The article examines the fate of people involved in a special military operation conducted by Russia. The motivation of those who volunteer for the front is revealed. The emphasis is on what drives such people a sense of duty. This is a duty to oneself, to family, to relatives and friends who make up a close circle. It shows how this close circle expands with the inner growth of the characters and their understanding of the events taking place. It is emphasized that the heroes consider themselves called upon to stop the evil that brings death and destruction of destinies, or by virtue of the possibilities to help those who are fighting this evil. As a result, the sense of involvement of the heroes in the fate of the country is aggravated. In addi-tion, the article traces the spiritual growth of the heroes.