Ludmila Vahrysheva

One of the conditions for successful learning at school is the development of certain skills, qualities, mental processes in students, for example, such an aspect of attention as concentration. It is necessary to teach children to concentrate at the beginning of training, when organizing various forms of training, as well as doing special work. The purpose of this study is to verify the selected working conditions for the development of first-graders' concentration focus in the process of organizing an astronomy club. The club allows us to expand and deepen the knowledge of children, to create more favorable conditions for the development of certain personal qualities and processes, for example, such an aspect of attention as concentration. The article describes the process of organizing work to develop the concentration of first-graders’ attention during astronomy club classes, as well as an experimental study concerning this problem, confirmed by testing in an educational institution.

The article is devoted to the problem of the development of algorithmic thinking of fourth-graders in mathematics lessons, which is relevant in modern society. This is due to the fact that one of the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Primary General Education imposed on the results of mastering the subject area “Mathematics and Computer Science” is “learning the basics of algorithmic thinking”. At the present stage of the education process, various technologies are used related to working with interactive equipment, and the Smart Notebook program is a common program for it. It allows you to make presentations, notes, drawings, develop tasks. Therefore, we set the goal of the study: to identify the pedagogical conditions for the development of algorithmic thinking of fourth-graders in mathematics lessons by means of the Smart Notebook program tasks. The article examines the works of mathematicians on the problem of algorithmic thinking development that make up the Smart Notebook program, which can be used in mathematics lessons, and identifies the advantages of the program. The authors give examples of tasks using the Smart Notebook program for the interactive whiteboard.

The article describes the mathematical abilities of children of preschool age, reveals the content of mathe-matical abilities, which is represented by the following components: combinatorial ability, ability to rapid abstraction and generalization of mathematical material, the ability to analytical and synthetic perception of the problem; characterized by means of the development of mathematical skills: a variety of games (with Zoltán Pál Dienes blocks, games B.P. Nikitin games V.V. Voskobovich, constructive games and so on.), exercise (in the opposite search facility to find the excess, on empathy, etc.), game situations, methods and techniques of development within each component (game motivation, practical actions with objects or pic-tures, questions and answers to the questions, the mental activities such as analysis, synthesis, compari-son, generalization, understanding and acceptance of unusual approval).

The article reveals the importance of the concept of "power", the relationship with gifted abilities, types of abilities, characteristics of mathematical abilities of children of preschool age and methods of their detection.

The article deals with the importance and concept of cognitive interest, its structure, methods of identifying cognitive interest to occupations of adults with children under school age.