Keyword: «языковая картина мира»

In this article, the problem of the relationship of language and culture of the people is considered from the point of view of the anthropocentric theory of language. The desire of human thinking to analyze the corresponding structures inevitably leads to the need for a systemic and structural understanding of the facts of the language and classification of the material. The work attempts to differentiate the nominations of landscape vocabulary of the Yakut language. The systemic and structural characteristic of practical material shows the interconnectedness and interdependence of nominations. The selection of these processes is due to the cognitive process itself, and the result of cognition of reality is the formation of a linguistic picture of the world.

In this article we will view the language representation of time. It will be noted that time relations and concepts of time are defined in the language by morphological, lexical and syntactic means. We will describe the functional-semantic category of temporality based on the context, the definition of the temporal meaning of the sentence structure, on the existence of non-finite verbs and various moods. We characterize temporal vocabulary as reflecting the existence of time in reality, as lexical-semantic groups’ components, as groups of synonyms and antonyms, as denoting new phenomena of reality. We will define the ways of temporal vocabulary enlarging by forming new words or expanding the meaning of existing ones.

In the article the author examines the connection between military toponymics and the language personality of a serviceman as a reflection of the linguistic picture of the world of military society. A brief history of study and military-political preconditions for the nomination of the inner-city objects in Moscow are given, an associative experiment is described. The author gives a quantitative and qualitative description of the most frequent urbanisms in the semantic field of «war». As a result of the study, a conclusion is drawn about the role of toponyms associated with the military society in the formation and development of the language personality of the Russian serviceman. The material of the study can be used both in military education and in the optional course of onomastics in a civilian university.