Keyword: «языковая картина мира»

The article presents the phytodominants of V.A. Soloukhin, their frequency, functions and meaning in lyrics are analyzed. The relevance of this study is due to the fact that phytodominants in the poetic texts of V.A. Soloukhin were not chosen as the subject of linguistic research. These lexemes are key in building the image of a small homeland in the author's creative laboratory. The purpose of the article is to identify the specifics of Soloukhin's phytodominants as an important component of the writer's linguistic picture of the world. It is noted that the formation of the author as a folk poet occurs through self-awareness in the context of Russian culture, originating in the mists of time.

This article presents a brief description of the national and cultural features of the processes of creating metaphors in Russian and Arabic. The study makes it possible to study and describe the images of the world in different languages, presented with the help of such a universal trope as a metaphor. The examples given in this work demonstrate how the metaphor transforms and fills the semantics of the word with new colors, providing a linguistic personality with great opportunities for constructing bright, attention-grabbing, expressive expressions with which it can vividly reflect the culture, life and traditional values of its people. , convey the subtlest shades of national and cultural meanings and the linguistic picture of the world of their ethnic group.

The article deals with the identification of mental differences among speakers of different European languages that allows to characterise the linguistic picture of the world of a particular people, its way of thinking and perception of reality. Identification of these differences is carried out on the example of phraseological units having a different de-gree of abstraction of the semantic structure. The proverbs and sayings were chosen as the units that characterise the way of thinking of native speakers the most brightly and clearly.

The actuality of the concept of researches in various linguacultures encouraged us to give an interpretation of this cultural phenomenon in the Serbian dialectal picture of the world. The features of understanding this social category in the awareness of the Serbian Prizren linguistic personality are observed in this article. The linguacultural distinctive specificities of the lexical and semantic expression of the concept of are highlighted on the diverse types of discourse material related to the end of the XIX and the first half of the XX century. The traits reflected the place of friendship in the value system of traditional culture of Prizren as well as the nature of friendly relationships between people are discovered and described here.

Phytonymic vocabulary reflects the life experience of any person, the results of his observations of the world around him. That is why, the names of plants make it possible to see the specific features of the cultural and historical traditions of the people. The whole number of differential signs or motivems was highlighted to identify and associate patterns and assign names to plants both in Latin and Russian. As a result of the investigation of Latin and Russian phytonyms we have found out firstly – the signs and properties of the denotate reflect the experience of native speakers; secondly – they are transmitted descriptively or by metaphorical comparison with other objects with the same meaning.