Keyword: «mental retardation»

The purpose of our study was to carry out corrective work aimed at developing constructive skills in children of senior preschool age with a delay in their mental development, and to determine the effectiveness of this corrective work. We identified the following phases of corrective and pedagogical work with children (according to O. P. Gavrilushkina), taking into account the results of the analysis of scientific and methodological literature. The phase "Learning the adequate choice of parts to create a building", the purpose of which is to teach children how to make the right choice of parts in color, shape, size based on a sample of construction and on the teacher’s verbal instruction. The phase "Learning how to connect parts", the purpose is to teach children to connect parts together, taking into account the features of the constructor game. The phase "Learning the spatial arrangement of parts", the purpose is to teach children to place the details of the constructor game in space, achieving similarity of construction with a real object. In accordance with each phase of work, we selected tasks that were offered to preschoolers in the course of experimental studies. We obtained the following data. Thanks to the organized and carried out corrective work, positive changes have occurred in the development of constructive skills of preschool children with mental retardation. Preschoolers (100%) scored more points on all diagnostic methods at the control stage of the study as compared with the ascertaining stage. At the same time, 67% of children showed positive inter-level dynamics: four children had increased their levels. In 30% of cases, the positive dynamics is intra-level.

The article deals with the socio-cultural significance of the development of color perception in younger students with mental retardation. The aesthetic and ethical side of this issue is emphasized, the special importance of the development of color perception as the most important aspect of cognition of the surrounding reality, the phenomenon of color as a tool of psychophysiological improvement of younger schoolchildren with mental retardation is highlighted, the correctional orientation of this work is emphasized. The article gives the main characteristics of the features of the development of color perception in younger students with mental retardation. The article deals with non-traditional drawing techniques as a means of developing color perception in younger students with mental retardation, identifies the main types of non-traditional drawing techniques, the possibility of developing color perception. Deepening the understanding of socio-cultural values the development of color perception in primary school children with mental retardation.

The features of age identification of older preschoolers with mental retardation are studied in this article. We found that older preschoolers with mental retardation have specific features of age identification: they have poor, undifferentiated ideas about their own future and regression in choosing an attractive age image for themselves.

The article deals with the problem of the development of ideas and concepts of inanimate nature in adolescents with mental retardation, as well as the importance of the development of ideas and concepts of inanimate nature as one of the many factors of successful social integration. The article gives the basic definitions of concepts and concepts. The features of development of ideas and concepts in adolescents with mental retardation are characterized. The basic ways and possibilities of development of ideas and concepts of inanimate nature in adolescents with mental retardation.

The article presents the results of a theoretical understanding of studying multi-communicative abilities in adolescents with mental retardation. The author studies the concept of multi-communicative abilities, their content as a combination of the structural elements of mentalization and behavioral skills, makes an analysis of some aspects of impaired development of multi-communicative abilities in adolescents with mental retardation.