Keyword: «self-knowledge»

This article analyses the motif of madness as types of Gogol’s madness, was a key element of the early art of the prose of M. A. Bulgakov. Especially bright reflection characteristic motif received in the story «Red crown», where madness became a poetic sign, reflecting the nature of the current historical era (1920s), which the writer perceived as absurd, crazy. The study concluded that, through direct and varied understanding of Gogol's traditional motif of madness as a way of spiritual enlightenment of the character is the deepening of the philosophical and poetic sense of the content of Bulgakov's prose from the standpoint of catastrophic changes in the social structure of post-revolutionary Russia.

The problem of the study of emotional intelligence occupies one of the most important places in modern psychology. Emotional intelligence is necessary for unlocking a person's potential, achieving goals in life and work, communication, and decision-making. Of particular interest is the study of emotional intelligence in students, which in the future may turn out to be life-determining. In this article, the author turns to the study of emotional intelligence among students – theologians.

It is well-known that studying at a university is the first step in the professional identity development. Unfortunately, not all applicants enter higher education institutions guided by their own beliefs, desires and hopes at the moment. Students are often guided by their parents’ advice or wishes in choosing a university and a future profession. As a result, we can see that students begin to experience difficulties with professional self-determination. They cannot independently work out their career plans and do not see prospects for the successful development of their future professional career. As a result, this situation can lead to voluntary expulsion of a student from a higher educational institution. The authors of the study tried to find out how to help students at a higher educational institution create a career path based on portfolio for their future work and give them an active role in this project. The authors of the paper developed a scenario for a professional portfolio and implemented it into practice in order to increase the future graduates’ chances for their successful professional career. We consider the portfolio as a process, product and tool that promotes reflexivity, personal assessment and self-presentation. It has the properties of self-assessment, self-focus and self-preparation, which are very useful within the curriculum. The portfolio contributes to building the professional identity during the studies and allows students to implement mechanisms that will operate later when graduates integrate into the labor market. The theoretical significance of the research is in consideration of the student's portfolio as a reflexive analysis of future professional activity. In practice, this study ensures career guidance, as reflexivity is involved in building professional identity. The scenario of the professional portfolio was developed and applied in practice in Samara State University of Economics in 2022-2023.

The problem of emotional intelligence development is determined by special requirements of modern society to increase the level of social competence of an individual, including high school students. This quality helps them to cope with negative experience in learning activities and successfully adapt to new conditions of social interaction. The purpose of the work is to study the development of emotional intelligence in high school students, the main directions and methods of its development. When choosing methods and techniques for developing emotional intelligence in high school students, the authors took into account the theoretical positions b O.O. Andronnikova on the effectiveness of using art therapy methods in developing the skills of self-learning of their emotions, and the theoretical positions by D.I. Ponomareva on the effectiveness of using active teaching methods. When selecting methods for developing emotional intelligence, the authors relied on the theoretical provisions of L.V. Vasilevskaya, E.I. Baraeva, who recommended to develop indicators of emotional and social intelligence. The study of the problem allowed us to describe productive methods in developing emotional intelligence in students: developing awareness of emotions and emotional states (auto-training techniques); methods of analyzing emotional reactions (reflection and verbalization of emotions); methods of developing empathy (for example, educational games, role-playing games), methods of teaching active listening; methods of developing self-control of emotions and emotional states (psychogymnastics, gaming methods). In the course of the empirical study, it was revealed that the majority of high school students have an average level of emotional intelligence (diagnostics of emotional intelligence by N. Hall), 48% of respondents had an average level of the indicator according to the questionnaire of emotional intelligence by D.V. Lyusin, 40% of high school students had an average level of empathy development, 28% had a low level of empathy development, which indicates that their emotional response is insufficiently developed (method of diagnosing the level of empathic abilities by V.V. Boyko). Theoretical significance of the study: the work examines and classifies scientific ideas about emotional intelligence by foreign and domestic scientists; describes the leading models of the structure of emotional intelligence by S. Hall, L.B. Simonova and others. The authors analyzed the main approaches to the formation of the concept of "emotional intelligence" in foreign and domestic literature. Practical significance: diagnostic tools for the study were selected; the main directions and methods for developing emotional intelligence in high school students in the context of modern education were described; recommendations for educational psychologists on the development of emotional intelligence in high school students in the context of modern society were developed.