Keyword: «simulation modeling»

An important feature of the humanitarian technologies is dialogue. Students should learn to create conditions for dialogue with students, humanitarian technologies provided by deliberate design of subject-subject relations. The result of this interaction will be of a "state"in which the educational process participants will be able to hear, to understand the meanings of each other, to develop accessible language.

The urgency of the problem under investigation is caused by the need to improve the quality of the students' preparation to improve the prospects for their future adaptation to the more complex conditions of professional activity. At present, these complications are most clearly manifested in the field of economic activity, and especially in the foreign economic sector, which has become an arena of unfriendly actions against Russia on the part of a number of foreign States. With this in mind, the aim of the article is to propose a methodology for the development and implementation of business game in the educational process as one of the instruments for professional motivation. In domestic and foreign literature, the description of the pedagogical and psychological benefits of using educational business games is widely presented, including the activation of students' creative thinking, encouraging them to make independent and motivationally justified decisions. At the same time, the shortcomings and problems of modern economic education are discussed, such as poor practical and communication skills of graduates, inability to work in a team. The conducted researches confirm the necessity of wide application of business games as forms of activation and improvement of educational process. The main result of the article is the presentation of the educational business game scenario, including the substantiation of its topic relevance, a description of the main game stages and requirements for its results. The theoretical significance of the article is due to the fact that it considers various approaches to the introduction of gaming methods of teaching to higher education, including an analysis of the foreign authors’ works on psychology and pedagogical activity. The practical significance of the article is confirmed by the fact that the business game described in it has been used in the educational process of the Tula branch of the Russian Economic University named after G.V. Plekhanov. This business game is primarily focused on solving the problems of strengthening professional motivation of bachelors and undergraduates educated in the field of "Economics". However, the methodology described in the article for the development of educational business games can be modified and used to create game scenarios relevant for various areas of educational preparation.

One of the didactics development directions is associated with the improvement of the mathematical theory of training (MTT), which makes it possible to explain the basic regularities of didactic systems functioning using the analysis of their mathematical models. An actual problem of MTT is the mathematical solution of the optimization task of training, which consists in determining the conditions of the educational process organization, when its effectiveness is the highest. The result of optimization depends on the learner's assimilation coefficient, classes duration, distribution of learning material elements (LME) according to their complexity and importance. The aim of the work is to build the computer model of the didactic system and to find optimal study duration of LMEs which have various complexity and importance in conditions of the fixed classes duration. The methods of mathematical and computer modeling of the learning process are used, as well as the method of stochastic optimization with a return. It presumes creation of the computer program which makes a step in random direction in the multidimensional environment of optimized values and simulates the study of the given set of issues (LMEs) for new study durations. If the test results at the end of training are not better than at the previous step, then the computer returns to the previous state and repeats everything again. If the test results are higher, then the changes of the optimized values are accepted, and the next step is made from the new state. Gradually, the program approaches the optimal values of the study durations for LMEs. The main results of the work include: 1) the computer program which makes it possible to calculate the optimum values of study durations at different distributions of LMEs on the complexity categories; 2) the graphs of the optimal durations for studying LMEs, the student’s knowledge levels of specific LMEs and the total knowledge levels of different importance LMEs depending on their complexity. The theoretical significance of the article is due to the fact that it sets and solves the problem of optimizing the study durations of specific issues (LMEs) that are different in complexity and importance; this problem is a particular optimization task of the mathematical theory of training.

One of the urgent problems in the field of education is the preparation of class teachers to resolve educational situations. The relevance of this problem is explained by the changes taking place in the education system, such as the introduction of a cycle of extracurricular activities "Talking about important things"; the return of socially useful work in schools; the creation of the all-Russian social state movement of children and youth "Movement of the First", etc. The introduction of these transformations contributes to the emergence of new educational situations for teachers. The issue of determining the list of educational situations relevant to the class teacher requires special attention. The purpose of the study is to form a bank of educational situations relevant to the class teacher which require training to resolve them. The process of forming a bank of educational situations includes solving the following tasks: 1. To specify the role of the educational situation in ensuring the effectiveness of educational work in a general education organization. 2. To develop a tool that makes it possible in a dialogue with educational organizations to identify a bank of educational situations relevant to the class teacher. 3. To create a bank of educational situations relevant to the class teacher and analyze it. The article presents empirical data from a survey of teachers in order to determine the educational situations relevant to them. The presented analysis of the results of ranking the proposed educational situations made it possible to identify the most problematic situations that require special attention and additional training of class teachers. The theoretical significance of the article lies in the substantiation of the possibility of applying the method of group expert assessments to develop a tool that allows forming a bank of educational situations relevant to the class teacher; in the revealed distribution of educational situations by groups, within a group, by respondents living in settlements of various sizes. The practical significance of the research results lies in the possibility of applying the research results in the design and analysis of work programs for general education organizations, to improve the skills of class teachers. The article will be useful for teachers and specialists dealing with issues of educational work, for the preparation of class teachers and student teachers for educational work.