Keyword: «techniques»

Pedagogical correction of speech disorders in preschool children is one of the most important tasks in modern education and training of preschool children. Since the number of preschool children with speech disorders in modern society is steadily growing, and the violation of normal speech development slows down the development of the child's psyche, there are deviations in the emotional and personal sphere, in particular, isolation, emotional instability, feelings of inferiority, self-doubt, etc. What tools, methods and techniques for correcting speech disorders are available in the Arsenal of a modern correctional teacher? This article is devoted to the theoretical side of this issue.

Speaking is one of the key speech skills by which direct proficiency in a foreign language is assessed. The development of coherent speech skills in monologic, dialogic, polylogic forms, an adequate response to the formulation of a communicative task shows the speaker's complex skills: his/her general linguistic, pragmatic, grammatical, lexical and other competences. Analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature allows us to speak of a consistently high interest of both theorists and practitioners of teaching methodology in the development of various aspects of speaking (fluency and tempo, purity of speech, the use of varied vocabulary), the development of speaking skills in a specialized environment, as well as the use of information and communication technologies for teaching and testing monologue / dialogue speech. The purpose of this article is to describe proven techniques for the development of oral speech at a high level of language proficiency. The purpose of the research determines the methods: general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization and systematization. Also, the method of pedagogical observation was used to assess the feedback of students and the effectiveness of the proposed techniques. Techniques for enhancing and improving speaking skills are described in the practical part of the study. The authors single out among the effective techniques: a) specific situational tasks (prepared in advance and spontaneous, this category also includes game situations); b) polylogues (this type of speech activity allows you to learn thematic vocabulary and practice grammatical structures, defend your position, listen to the opinions of others); c) it is effective to use online technologies for interdependent teaching of listening, writing, reading and speaking in a foreign language (selection and correlation of the corresponding types of online platforms and sites is important); d) creating conditions for the development of not educational, but cognitive activity, so that the communicative motive is triggered by the cognitive; e) the author's method of developing speaking skills, which is based on the psychological comfort of students. The description of productive techniques for the development of various aspects of speaking is an important practical priority of the work. The above techniques can be used with some adaptation / correction or without adaptation at levels from B1 and higher. The conclusions summarize the information and outline the prospects for further research.

The relevance of working with competences related to academic writing is registered in the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education 3++ in the area of training 45.03.02 "Linguistics" (bachelor's degree level) and is associated with active international contacts and the emergence of new forms of the scientific functional style implementation. Academic writing in its genre and stylistic organization tends to the scientific functional style (oral and written speech, taking into account the style and composition: structure, argumentation requirements, the use of metalanguage, discursive markers and other elements). The purpose of the article is a brief description of the methods for developing academic writing skills in Linguistics majors (language proficiency level B2-C1). Based on the material of modern literature on the topic of research, as well as on their own experience, the authors made an attempt to describe methods for working with academic writing. An analysis of domestic and foreign literature shows a high interest in the research topic and determines a variety of research priorities, presenting academic writing in the form of an umbrella term, which is considered as a set of methodological, pragmatic, linguistic and other aspects. The main results of the article describe the work on the scientific style and academic writing in native and foreign languages, with ready-made texts and with the preparation of texts. It is noted that academic writing, in addition to its basic form “argument - justification - conclusion”, can have other forms; work with academic writing also includes the development of critical reading skills. The work examines some techniques using information and communication technologies (Grammarly, Plagiarisma, AWL Highlighter, etc.) and case technologies. The theoretical significance of the work lies in the presentation of relevant information on the topic. The considered methods were tested on students with language proficiency level B2-C1; adaptation of methods makes their application possible at other levels. The conclusions provide generalized information on the topic under consideration.

The development of creative writing skills often has not only methodological, but also psychological value. The work on the development of creative writing skills is indirectly fixed both in general professional and universal competences, reflecting the ability of students to create texts as a part of the soft skills implementation for future professionals. Creative writing is a complex term that includes a wide variety of forms and formats, united by individualization, artistry and originality. Creative writing can be practiced with learners of different training levels, be part of a group project or individual assignment, be spontaneous (reactive) or be the result of long preparation (extensive). The objective of the article is to describe some of the techniques for working with creative writing; the above techniques can be adapted to different levels of foreign language proficiency. The methods described in the work are based on the experience of the authors, and are also the result of the analysis of domestic and foreign methodological literature. Scientific and methodological works on the study and analysis of creative writing reveal a wide range of its study: philosophical foundations, psychological and methodological aspects, development history, creative writing as one of the professional skills, etc. Traditional creative writing techniques (compositions of various types) rarely find emotional response from students, that is why the authors propose alternative forms of work using assistive devices, Internet technologies, artificial intelligence, the practice of creating collages, emotional coaching, etc. The theoretical significance of the work lies in the relatively complete depiction of the diversity of points of view and approaches to understanding creative writing in general. The techniques described in the study were tested on students of intermediate (B1) and advanced/professional (C1) levels of language proficiency. The conclusions provide generalized information on the topic under consideration.

The controversial issues about effective approaches and techniques of teaching grammar, which is an integral component in the formation of foreign language competence, are revealed in the article. The methods of the traditional approach and the non-traditional ones (these last techniques help to master a foreign language without strict grammar instructions) are compared and analyzed in this investigation.