Keyword: «preschoolers with mental retardation»

The article discusses the possibility of using digital technologies in the correction of emotional tension in older preschool children with mental retardation. The relevance of the creation and implementation of techniques based on the use of digital technology is described.

Preschoolers with mental retardation have specific features that require a special approach to learning, and predicative vocabulary is an important aspect of speech development, so it is especially important to study predicative vocabulary in children of this group of children. The article presents the results of an experimental study on the formation of predicative vocabulary in preschoolers with mental retardation. The study was conducted using a diagnostic set of tasks developed by R. I. Lalayeva and N. V. Serebryakova. The main difficulties and mistakes of the children are analyzed. The data obtained allowed us to note that all preschool children with mental retardation who took part in the experimental study have a high level of formation of an impressive predicative vocabulary. 80% of preschoolers have an average level of active predictive vocabulary, while only 20% of children in this category have a high level.

This article presents an analysis of communication formation in preschool children with mental retardation. The patterns of communication development in children in ontogenesis and the features of communication formed during developmental delays are considered. Approaches and conditions for correctional and pedagogical work are proposed. The authors have made an attempt to describe the organizational and pedagogical conditions aimed at developing the ideas and skills of building successful communication in various types of activities among older preschoolers with ASD.

The article presents the results of a theoretical analysis of the problem of the formation of temporal representations in children with mental retardation. The authors suggest that the effective formation of temporal representations is conditioned by a number of psychological and pedagogical conditions and occurs through the activation of forecasting skills, through the knowledge of time standards, natural phenomena and social events. The importance of an interdisciplinary approach in the process of correctional and developmental work is emphasized. Special attention is paid to substantiating the concept of «feeling of time», which acts as a personality quality that provides a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the time parameters of one's own activity. The methodological basis of the study was modern psychological, pedagogical and neuropsychological approaches, and the principles of correction of higher mental functions in children with mental retardation.

The article is devoted to the study of the development of cognitive activity of a preschooler with mental retardation by means of didactic play. It will consider practical methods of using gaming technologies and theoretical aspects of the formation of cognitive processes in children of this category. Thus, it is possible to see how the dynamics in the development of thinking, attention and motivation for learning improve in children aged 5-6 years. The author presents the results of a practical study conducted with a group of preschool children aged 5-6 years, where various didactic games aimed at thinking, attention and sensory development were used. The article includes examples of games, a table with their description and recommendations for implementation in the correctional and pedagogical process. Speech pathologists, educators and parents to organize educational activities with children with intellectual disabilities can use the research materials.