Ramil M. Sadykov

Refusal of mothers from newborn children is a common socio-psychological phenomenon in the Russian Federation. Various life practices of refusenik mothers’ behavior are a source of orphanhood and a factor in the deformation of socio-psychological capital. Various social, psychological factors and life strategies of mothers lead to the rejection of newborn children. The purpose of the study is to investigate various life practices of refusenik mothers’ behavior. The main reasons why women abandon their children are highlighted: social disadvantage, desocialization of women, material difficulties and financial problems, lack of support from relatives, unwanted pregnancy. According to the results of the author's sociological research, it was revealed that the most popular reason for refusal, according to respondents, is the social disadvantage of future parents, in second place is disability or severe illness of the child, in third place is the early age of the child's parents. Immigrant women and underage mothers are special groups of refuseniks.

The ability to use physical force, cruelty, violence is often a determining factor in the relationship between husbands and wives, parents and children. The Russian Federation does not have a law and a preventive program directly related to domestic violence. However, there are organizational structures, socio-psychological methods and technologies that have been developed to protect the interests of victims of domestic violence. The socio-psychological services are engaged in improving the level of knowledge and qualifications of specialists, special training for intervention in cases of family violence, providing legal, professional and rehabilitation assistance to victims of violence. According to the results of special studies, a significant number of women who have been subjected to violence refuse to confirm this fact, but they are interested in this problem and consider it a negative social phenomenon in modern society. The problem of domestic violence can be solved by a wide-ranging impact on it, detecting an emerging conflict in time and effectively eliminating its consequences. Effective protection will be facilitated by a combination of information, educational, legal and preventive measures.

Domestic abuse of women is a widespread global social problem of the modern world, leading to certain socio-economic consequences in society. Women all over the world are subjected to physical, social, psychological, sexual, economic and many other types of violence on a daily basis. Victims of spousal violence need social and psychological support, preventive and rehabilitative measures. The Scandinavian states are implementing an effective model of social policy based on social justice, equalization of citizens' incomes, smoothing of property and gender inequality, and the creation of a welfare state. The purpose of the scientific article is to study the state of the social policy of the Scandinavian countries in relation to spousal violence against women. The social experience of the Nordic countries in providing assistance to women victims of domestic violence is real and effective. The family policy of these countries is aimed at creating a safe environment for creating a family and raising children. It will not be possible to completely get rid of domestic violence, but in order to minimize it, it is necessary to develop and put into practice social work technologies for the prevention of family violence. It is possible to find the most effective method of combating this problem by changing the mentality of the population in relation to domestic violence.

One of the global problems at present is suicide as a manifestation of deviant behavior in society. According to the World Health Organization, suicidal events among people aged 15–29 have doubled over the past 15 years, and they occupy leading positions in developed countries. Suicide takes the 4th place among adolescent mortality in the world after injuries, infectious and oncological diseases. Russia takes one of the leading positions on completed suicides among young people. There is an urgent need for the prevention of suicidal behavior among young people in our country. The optimal system of suicide prevention, intervention and postvention in practice unites the systems of education, health care, social protection, internal affairs, religious institutions, the efforts of non-governmental organizations, and also ensures a good connection between them. The main directions of prevention should be the early diagnosis of suicidal risk groups, the prevention of alcoholism and drug addiction among the population, the establishment of a full complement of suicide prevention services in each region of the country.

Economy provides the basis of the social development of society. Further ensuring of the economy functioning is impossible without increasing attention to the employee, his/her personal development, socialization of the entire economic system. Socialization of the economy implies a change in the trajectory of socio-economic development from purely state and corporate interests to the interests of a person, his/her needs and is manifested primarily in the socialization of labor, its transformation from a means of making money into a means of self-realization for a person. In a socializing economy, labor becomes a means of self-realization of an individual; the most significant aspects of an individual personality, his/her abilities and talents are revealed thanks to labor activity. Labor activity enriches a person’s life not only in the material aspect, but also in terms of personal growth and self-development. Comprehensive accounting of the population social needs allows intensifying the pace of socially oriented growth and social development.