Ramil M. Sadykov

The complexity and scale of the problem of suicide among children and adolescents, due to the psychological characteristics of age and a variety of causes, necessitate the development of effective preventive measures. The work examines the substantive aspects and types of prevention, measures aimed at developing a positive attitude towards life in adolescents, supporting mental health and preserving their lives. It has been revealed that prevention includes a number of measures aimed at avoiding the development of crisis situations, early detection of depression signs and other psychological disorders, improvement of mental health and development of a positive worldview.

Suicidal behavior of children and adolescents is a serious socio-psychological problem for modern society. The scientific work examines the socio-psychological characteristics of suicidal individuals, risk factors for development and motives of their suicidal behavior. The specific features, signs of behavior, causes and factors of suicidal behavior are highlighted. Antisuicidal factors are presented: family determinants, personality traits, socio-psychological factors. It was found that suicidal symptoms are common among adolescents aged 16-19 years, girls commit them more often than boys; they are due to mental disorders, family and school conflicts.

Suicide is a serious threat to society, resulting in significant socio-economic losses. The presented article examines the suicidal behavior of children and adolescents in Russia, considered as a socially significant phenomenon determined by a complex of social, psychological, biological, cultural and environmental factors. The article defines the characteristics, motives and forms of manifestation of suicidal actions. It is found out that suicide rates among young people in Russia remain among the highest in the world, have sustainable tendency, and adolescents aged 16-19 are the most vulnerable age group.

The social capital of the organization is formed and accumulated in various forms of direct interaction of employees. The aim of the scientific work is to study the characteristics of the formation and development of the social capital of the organization, the state and the main structural elements. The content and key components of the organization's social capital are identified, which are interconnected and reflect the quality of labor relations. The role of social capital in the effectiveness of the organization has been identified and defined: expanding the range of regular customers and partners, improving the quality of business relationships, developing human capital, reducing transaction costs, and ensuring the organization of personnel actions.

Refusal of mothers from newborn children is a common socio-psychological phenomenon in the Russian Federation. Various life practices of refusenik mothers’ behavior are a source of orphanhood and a factor in the deformation of socio-psychological capital. Various social, psychological factors and life strategies of mothers lead to the rejection of newborn children. The purpose of the study is to investigate various life practices of refusenik mothers’ behavior. The main reasons why women abandon their children are highlighted: social disadvantage, desocialization of women, material difficulties and financial problems, lack of support from relatives, unwanted pregnancy. According to the results of the author's sociological research, it was revealed that the most popular reason for refusal, according to respondents, is the social disadvantage of future parents, in second place is disability or severe illness of the child, in third place is the early age of the child's parents. Immigrant women and underage mothers are special groups of refuseniks.