Ksenia S. Shalaginova

The psychological resilience of the future teacher in changing conditions and stressful situations is an important quality that reduces the risks of professional burnout and deformation. The issue under discussion is focused on solving the current scientific problem – the study of the mechanisms, factors and conditions for adapting the future teacher in the VUCA-world: the authors present results of a psychological examination of students of a pedagogical university in the conditions of quarantine measures. The aim of the study was to assess the adaptive potential of students in conditions of forced distance learning; formation of ideas about personal characteristics contributing to adaptation of future teachers. The study involved 143 students studying in the areas of «Pedagogical Education», «Psychological and Pedagogical Education» aged 18 to 22 years. Monitoring was carried out through a diagnostic cross-section followed by data processing using mathematical statistics methods. The study made it possible to describe the personal profiles of students, characterize the psychological mechanisms of adaptation to the current situation, reveal the level of stress of students in pandemic conditions, and assess the potential risks to the psychological health and comfort of students. The study showed: the sample as a whole is characterized by quite high adaptive potential (students showed high indicators of resilience and moderate manifestations of stress, most of them had a balanced personal profile, which indicated personal resilience); personal characteristics affect the mechanism of the adaptation process, forming links with the symptom complex of resilience and level of stress; personal rigidity (accentuation) leads to the formation of typical rigid cognitive attitudes and behavioral patterns, which do not contribute to adaptation in changing conditions, negatively affecting resilience and increasing stress. The obtained data allow predicting the risks to the psychological health and comfort of students, more effectively planning and implementing psychological prevention and support for students during their studies at the university. The revealed trends make it possible to note personal flexibility as a key factor of adaptation and stress resistance.

Since the issues related to the study of the conflict behavior of students – future teachers and the determination of the most effective ways of managing it are reflected not only in the research works of modern scientists but also in the practical activities of administrative services of educational institutions seeking to provide a conflict-free environment for the teaching staff interaction, we consider it necessary to focus on the purposeful preparation of students to manage their own behavior in conflict confrontation. The purpose of the article – to analize the formation among students teachers the skills of managing their own behavior in a conflict confrontation with subsequent development, filling with the content of the main components. The target category is 4th-, 5th-year students who are trained in pedagogical and psychological-pedagogical areas with the assignment of bachelor's and master’s degrees. Research methods: theoretical (analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature on the research problem), empirical (questionnaire, testing, ascertaining experiment). It seems relevant to develop proposals for improving students teachers training to manage their own behavior in a conflict confrontation, assuming an optimal personal conflict level, in which teachers demonstrate the ability to smooth corners, find a compromise, not to aggravate the situation, continuing to defend their own position in a conflict confrontation; the most constructive way of behavior in a conflict that meets the specifics of conflict confrontation; the ability to self-control in communication, the ability to flexibly respond to changes in the situation, the motivation to change depending on the situation, the ability to predict communication situations; a type of emotional reaction with such a way of transforming internal and external influences that allows you to freely show positive feelings, unconditional love for others, creative, constructive activity. The developed program is aimed at improving psychological literacy, conflictological competence of students teachers; students' understanding of the psychological essence of conflict confrontation, its specifics; formation of constructive behavior skills in conflict confrontation; reaction to negative emotions, improvement of self-control in communication. Within the framework of the selected components, students are provided with the socio-psychological trainings; a cycle of individual psychological counseling, if necessary, autogenic training; self-analysis of conflict confrontation.

The relevance of the problem under study is connected with the study of the peculiarities of the development of motivation for innovative activity among teachers of additional education. The motivational sphere of a teacher, the value and meaning of professional activity is a powerful factor that determines professional development, sets its content, direction, intensity and patterns of using personal potential. The purpose of the study: to identify the level of development of motivation for innovative activity among teachers of additional education, to design a psychological and pedagogical program for the development of motivation for innovative activity among teachers of additional education. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the work of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of developing an innovative system of additional education for children, the motivational sphere of a teacher. Research methods: theoretical (study and analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature; analysis, generalization and systematization of information from scientific sources); empirical (testing, questioning, pedagogical experiment); methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis. The study was conducted on the basis of the municipal budgetary institution of additional education "Center for Children's Creativity" in Tula. The study involved 20 teachers of additional education. The diagnostic program included the following methods: a scale of readiness for creative and innovative activity (S.Yu. Stepanov), diagnostics of personal self-actualization (A.V. Lazukin’s method adapted by N.F. Kalin), diagnostics of group motivation (I.D. Ladanov), assessing the readiness of a teacher to participate in innovative activities. The developed psychological and pedagogical program is aimed at improving the professional competence of additional education teachers, developing motivational readiness for innovative activities, positive thinking skills, etc. The developed program includes the following general forms of work: seminars, classes with elements of training, design, competition, creative tasks, etc. It is based on the following principles: science, system, availability, activity and consciousness. As part of the program, teachers of additional education master pedagogical techniques for developing motivation for innovation. The results of the study can be used in organizing psychological and pedagogical support for teachers of additional education.

The relevance of the research is associated with the study of social responsibility as the basis for the formation of a risk group teenager as a subject of self-development, with the cultivation of social responsibility using pedagogical technologies. The concept of social responsibility is analyzed in the context of preventing deviant behavior in schoolchildren. Social responsibility is defined as the ability to be responsible for oneself, personal self-development and self-design, which is one of the important and essential characteristics of the human personality and individuality. Adolescence is considered as a sensitive period for comprehending and developing this quality. Two highlighted aspects – the study of social responsibility in adolescents at risk in the context of measuring significant age-related psychological characteristics and working out a program for its cultivating determined the goal of the article. The study was carried out on the basis of educational institution No. 4 in Tula. The research methods included a theoretical analysis of the literature on the research problem; design, testing and a pedagogical experiment were used as empirical methods. Taking into account the data obtained, the authors have worked out a program for cultivation of social responsibility in adolescents at risk, where they put emphasis on working with the following components: cognitive, emotional, volitional, and behavioral. The worked-out program of cultivating social responsibility in adolescents at risk is of a complex nature and includes the following forms of work: consultations, seminars, master classes, quests, discussions, training sessions, role-playing games, projects, educational lessons, educational activities of patriotic, creative, sports, health-improving, local history studying orientation. The fundamental principles were the principles of complexity, taking into account the individual and age characteristics of adolescents, psychological and pedagogical support, etc. The research results can be used for working with adolescents at risk in an educational institution, a youth center, an institution of additional education; for development of social partnership in the field of positive prevention of deviant behavior of children and young people.

At present, society requires from a person the ability to constant personal and professional improvement, which actualizes the development of students’ “self-concept”, the formation of their personality in the educational process of the university. The purpose of the article is to study the influence of students’ “self-concept” on the willingness to participate in volunteer work. The study was conducted on the basis of the Tula State Pedagogical University named after L. Tolstoy with first- and second-year students. The research methods included a theoretical analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the research problem; questionnaires, testing, and a pedagogical experiment were used as empirical methods. The principles of consistency and integrity, taking into account the individual and age characteristics of students, etc. were determined as fundamental ones. The article presents the experience of implementing the program of classes for volunteer students "The First Step into Volunteering", which promotes the involvement of students in various areas of volunteering. Its distinctive feature is the form of interaction organization in the "student-mentor - first-year student" system. The proposed program provides theoretical and practical modules aimed at developing the “self-concept”, individuality of students, reveals the potentials of personal and professional growth by means of volunteer work. The program consists of the following modules: “Who am I?”, “I am a volunteer”, “Helping others”, “Volunteer project”, “From volunteering to employment”. The theoretical significance is presented by an overview of approaches to the structure of the students’ “self-concept” and the development of the volunteer movement. The practical significance of the research is in the worked out program for the development of students’ “self-concept” at the pedagogical university in the process of active involvement in volunteer work. The introduction of students to project activities deserves special attention. The research results can be useful for the development of volunteer centers of universities, the organization of psychological and pedagogical support for the creative activity of students.