Tatyana I. Kulikova

The addiction of modern teenagers to gadgets is a significant concern for psychology and education, as it has a negative impact on various aspects of their lives. The aim of this article is to determine the level of gadget addiction among teenagers and to work out possible preventive measures. The article presents the results of an empirical study conducted on a sample of 47 14-15-year-old teenagers, students in the 8th grade of a secondary school in Tula. The study revealed indicators of a high level of gadget addiction and the risk of it among students. The structure and content of a prevention program, along with the possibility of implementing it in a comprehensive school, are proposed.

The relevance of the materials presented in this article is determined by the need to improve specialized training of schoolchildren in psychological-pedagogical classes. The article aims to describe digital educational content on the basics of psychology for students in these classes. The results of an empirical study based on a survey are presented to obtain initial data on how this content contributes to improving students' psychological training. The study involved 84 schoolchildren from psychological-pedagogical classes. Survey results confirm the «usefulness» of psychological-pedagogical classes and their assistance in students' professional orientation towards pedagogical professions.

The study of value attitudes of modern student youth to starting a family and childbirth is an urgent problem of society today, the solution of which largely determines the future of demographic development. The aim of the article is to analyse and evaluate the attitude of today's students majoring in psychology to the prospect of starting a family and having children. The results of students’ questionnaire survey within the framework of an empirical study conducted in 2024 at the Faculty of Psychology of the L.N. Tolstoy State Pedagogical University are presented here. It is found that psychology majors express their intention to create a family in the future, plan to have children, but, at the same time, they believe that children can interfere with their career; they note that low income, difficult life conditions do not contribute to the birth of children.

The phenomenon of perfectionism is very common in modern society, which sets unrealistically high standards as benchmarks, while basic beliefs influence both behavior and activity of a person, forming the basis of his/her worldview. The aim of the article is to identify the peculiarities of the basic beliefs of students with different levels of perfectionism. The results of the empirical study of the characteristics of the basic beliefs of students with different levels of perfectionism are presented in the article. It is found that students with a high level of perfectionism are characterized by a significant underestimation of their own importance and the ability of controlling what happens, i. e. perfectionism fulfils the protective function of basic beliefs.

The issues of existential development of students in the process of professional training are of special interest to researchers from the point of view of studying personal properties, characteristics and resources of future specialists. Hardiness is an important personal quality of a student, which contributes to the effective use of personal capabilities and, as a desired life outcome, to the achievement of existential development. The aim of the article is to verify and justify the existence of a relationship between the indicators of hardiness and existential development in students at different stages of education. The research has shown that the degree of existential development manifestation increases in students with age. The revealed regularity is conditioned by the age peculiarities of hardiness manifestation, which increases due to the fact of involvement in educational and professional activity and is accompanied by the experience of existential development - self-realization, self-fulfillment, vocation.