Keyword: «competency»

The relevance of the problem is due to the following factors. Structural and substantive reform of military education, the transition to training according to the new state educational standards require the development of fundamentally new mechanisms, organizational, methodological, scientific and information support of the educational process, the development and implementation of adequate training technologies. The relevance of the topic of this study is due to the specific features of training in a military higher school and a new paradigm of military education, which provides for a shift in emphasis in the educational process towards the development of personal abilities of the officer, his command qualities, professional competences. Optimization of the military education system, implementation of the competence approach to training future officers, necessitated the development of fundamentally new mechanisms to ensure the educational process of the military higher school, aimed at its activation. There are new higher requirements for graduates of military higher schools. Purpose of the work: to study the theoretical and practical development of modern technologies for the formation of professional competences in military higher school in the process of teaching physics. Leading approaches to the study of the problem: competence approach, activity-oriented approach, system approach, personality-oriented approach. The main results of the article: differentiation of semantically close terms "competence" and "competency", definition of their content and structural components; definition of professional competence and its specificity applicable to graduates of military higher schools; identification of effective pedagogical modern technologies of professional competences formation in military higher school in the process of teaching physics. The theoretical significance of the article is in the systematization and generalization of the available data concerning the problem of professional competences formation among military higher school cadets in the process of learning physics. The practical significance of the article is due to the fact that the literature review will be the basis for planning and further empirical research of the professional competences of military higher school cadets.

This article is devoted to the role of the competency-based approach in foreign education. The author notes the formation of necessary competences during students training at foreign language classes according to federal state educational standards requirements. Also, the foreign language is defined as a cultural element. Such concepts as "competence" and "competency" are considered and also the essence of these terms is described.

The article deals with the problems of formation of professional competences of students in specialized secondary education. The results of a survey conducted in Ryazan Construction College named after the Hero of the Soviet Union V. A. Beglov are described. After the analysis, the author comes to the conclusion about the necessity of a wider and more active use of a certain set of pedagogical techniques in English classes.

The article presents the experience of cultivating lean manufacturing and systemic formation of micro-rationalization skills among students of secondary vocational education system based on a microeconomic approach in the process of design and creative activity in cooperation with mentors who are responsible for practical training at companies. The authors give examples of microrationalization in the classroom of theoretical and practical training including preparation for WorldSkills competitions and championships. The relevance of the problem is due to the need to make a graduate ready for work in the conditions of modern innovatively developing production, when the most important component of the company’s competitiveness is a constant increase in the quality of manufactured products based on increasing labor productivity in the process of mass creative rationalization activities of employees. The purpose of the article is to present some forms, means and methods of cultivating lean manufacturing, formation and development of creative rationalization skills among students of the secondary vocational education system based on a microeconomic approach to activity and to work out a definition of the "microrationalization" concept. The main approaches to the study – systemic activity-oriented, differentiated, personality-oriented, dual-creative ones. They set a new direction in the training of workers and mid-level specialists, which positively affects the quality of training, the competitiveness of graduates in the modern labor market, and their social security. The main results consist in the scientific substantiation and practical testing of the methodology for the formation of micro-rationalization skills and determining the prospects for further research on the problem of the formation of the rationalization activity among students of secondary vocational education system on the basis of a microeconomic approach. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the fact that the concept of "microrationalization" has been introduced into the conceptual system of vocational education and the results of the study allow us to outline the prospects for further research on this problem, which consist in creating scientifically based methods of developing creativity based on a microeconomic approach to activity and to outline ways of studying the creative activity of students of secondary vocational education. The practical significance lies in the development of scientific and methodological support for the process of formation of creative microrationalization skills among students of the secondary vocational education system in the form of a set of practical tasks used in preparation for WorldSkills competitions and championships, which can be useful for vocational education teachers. This study was conducted on the basis of Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk Vocational Pedagogical College, Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant (JSC "UAZ"), Blagoveshchensk State Pedagogical University, Verkhnepyshminsky College of Mechanics and Technology "Yunost".