Keyword: «adolescence»

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of adolescence associated with physical, emotional and social changes. The author explores the role of choral singing and musical education in overcoming the difficulties of this period. Using the example of working with the Baltika choral group, it is shown how music helps teenagers cope with emotional instability, strengthens mental health, develops creative abilities and forms value orientations. Special attention is paid to the im-portance of the teacher's professionalism and the creation of a supportive atmosphere in the team.

The problem of social and psychological maladjustment in adolescents is relevant and significant in modern pedagogy and educational psychology. Adolescence is characterized by intense physiological, psychological, and social changes that influence the formation of personality and the establishment of a system of relationships with the surrounding world. The timely identification of adolescents with signs of maladjustment creates the basis for the development of effective programs for psychological and pedagogical support for behavioral disorders. The aim of the study was to identify adolescents with social and psychological maladjustment, to study the relationship between maladjustment and value orientations and self-esteem, and to develop and test a psychological and pedagogical support program. The study involved 40 adolescents aged 12–14. Methods of pedagogical observation (D. Stott's chart), psychodiagnostic techniques for studying value orientations (I.D. Egoricheva, L.N. Silantyeva, M. Rokich) and self-esteem (Dembo-Rubinstein) were used. The experimental study included a diagnostic stage and a formative stage with the implementation of a correctional program and final diagnostics. Spearman's r-test, regression analysis, and Mann-Whitney's U-test were used for statistical processing. Results. Statistically significant correlations were found between maladjustment and value orientations (self-confidence, sensitivity, level of aspirations). Regression analysis showed that 61.2% of the variance in maladjustment is explained by the influence of the values of social recognition, sensitivity, self-confidence, and pleasure. The program developed included seven 1.5-2 hour sessions aimed at developing self-awareness, communication skills, and emotional regulation. In the experimental group, the maladjustment coefficient decreased by 34.2% (from 28.4 to 18.7 points), while in the control group the changes were insignificant. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the groups (U=98.5; p<0.01). The program can be used in the psychological and pedagogical support system of educational organizations and in the training of educational psychologists to work with maladjusted adolescents.

This article examines the possibilities of developing cooperation skills among adolescents in a modern school. The role of the competence approach in the formation of this skill in young adolescent students is emphasized. The research is aimed at identifying the cooperation skills of younger adolescents and developing a program for their development through project activities.

Adolescents are the most susceptible to information found on various internet resources, which can lead to the distortion of different aspects of their personality, such as their self-esteem. The aim of our study was to examine the specifics of self-esteem among adolescents with varying degrees of Internet addiction. The empirical data obtained allowed us to find out that the self-perception of modern adolescents depends on the specificity of the influencing factors combination, and the degree of Internet addiction is only one of them.

The article is devoted to the study of the relationship between self-esteem and the level of aspirations in the key period of personality formation – adolescents. A diagnosis was carried out to determine the self-esteem and level of aspirations among adolescents, and the results were analyzed. Based on the collected data, practical recommendations are given for the psychological and pedagogical support of adolescents and counseling of legal representatives.