Keyword: «cognitive activity»

The article provides a study of the problem of the development of the cognitive sphere of the child, the acquaintance of children with the world of professions and the lack of interest in the future profession among young schoolchildren. The article presents the os of educational and career guidance work in the 4th grades, the purpose of which is to expand the knowledge of the public and the awareness of the public about professions in the process of communication with the public, the development of intellectual and TV capabilities, education tr ud ol yub, diligence, accuracy, be re zhn og o attitude to the results of their own and chu zho go work.

The article presents the results of experimental work on the formation of cognitive independence of younger schoolchildren in the classroom of the surrounding world. The role of the teacher as an organizer of effective cognitive activity of younger schoolchildren is defined, during which students' interest in independent search for new knowledge develops.

The article describes the methods and techniques of organizing phenological observations aimed at increasing the level of cognitive activity of younger students on excursions into nature.

The relevance of the study is determined by the growing interest in issues of preserving the ethnocultural identity of small peoples in the conditions of their living in countries with a multinational structure. Approaches to using the pedagogical potential of textbooks for teaching reading in primary school as a factor promoting ethnic consolidation are considered in the article using the example of Tibet, which is a territory that recently (since 1959) has become a part of China. It was included in the state initiative “One Belt – One Road”. The purpose of the article is to define the qualitative originality of illustrations selection that characterize the ethnocultural orientation of the textbooks content for teaching reading in the Tibetan language to primary school students living in the Tibet Autonomous Region, as well as in the Tibetan Autonomous Areas and Districts of China. The object of the study is a set of textbooks for primary schools (grades 1–4), intended for literacy training. Based on a content analytical study of images of representatives of various typological groups of the population and objects of material culture, as well as the subsequent interpretation of its results, the research hypothesis was tested. It lies in the fact that ethnocultural markers are used as main factors of formative influence, guiding primary school students to master the patterns of traditional Tibetan culture without going beyond its boundaries. It was found out that the focus remains on familiarizing primary school students with traditional Tibetan types of labor activity, endemic animals, cultural practices, and objects of national material culture. The life of a primary school student is depicted as a sequence of events occurring in a slow rhythm, not overshadowed by the desire of teachers and parents to achieve a learning effect by stimulating his/her cognitive activity. Images of play activities predominate, which are organically combined with elements of traditional labor practices, which include family members. No visual materials were found that indicate the desire of compilers and illustrators to form the foundations of civic identity or reflect the social consequences of scientific and technological progress.

The theoretical foundations of cognitive activity of older preschool children are considered. The goals, objectives and methods, techniques of effective assimilation of older preschool children to cognitive activity are determined. the solution of this problem is in line with the formation of readiness for school education in preschool children. Studies indicate a significant decrease (correlating with the norm) in the cognitive activity of children on the threshold of schooling. Children do not have a sufficiently formed need for independent cognition of the surrounding reality, a stable cognitive attitude to the world. The purpose of the study: to study the features of cognitive activity in older preschool children.