Keyword: «cognitive activity»

The need to study and apply the potential of network technologies to improve the general cultural and professional level becomes an important condition for the training engineers of a new generation. To realize this potential of computer devices and digital tools, highly qualified specialists need the skills to divide the task into components, identify similar elements, select the most important information and discard the irrelevant, write the algorithm. The authors examine the problem of justifying the effectiveness of network training for the development of skills that form the basis of computational thinking of technical specialists. The purpose of the study is to examine the opportunities of using a professionally–oriented network course for the development of computational thinking in engineers of a new generation. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the potential of the distance learning course for the formation of computational skills of future professionals is substantiated. Theoretical significance – the didactic opportunities of network courses are revealed, taking into account the peculiarities of training specialists in engineering and technical areas. The study was conducted using the authors’ original course in the discipline "Computing Technology and Networks in the Industry" (registration certificate No. 24877 of 28.08.2021). The course is implemented by means of the Moodle platform tools. 68 bachelors in the area of training 23.03.01 "Technology of transport processes" were involved in the study – specialization: "Digital transport and logistics systems of road transport". To diagnose and assess the formation of computational thinking, the authors used original testing materials: 40 questions in accordance with the working program of the discipline. Pearson's χ2 (chi-square) test was used as a statistical processing method. When working with the materials of a network course, a new generation engineer performs a sequence of actions characteristic of computational thinking: analyzes the text of a professional-oriented task; decomposes the problem; compiles and implements the algorithm; performs its analysis and evaluation. Positive aspects of the professional-oriented network course application for the development of computational thinking of engineers are highlighted (for example, to gain experience in formulating a problem taking into account the uncertainty of the future, students analyze the corporate network, determine the subnet mask for different conditions, etc.). Options for the practical application of the study results are proposed: in the work of the All-Russian network project for variety testing "Malaya Timiryazevka," in the activities of the Center for Pre-University Training and the digital department of the academy.

The article reveals a cognitive approach to the formation of cognitive actions in preschoolers, such as substitution, modeling, logical operations, information coding and general problem solving techniques. The current federal state educational standards define these cognitive activities as the educational results of preschool and primary general education. In the proposed cognitive approach, collective discourse is considered as the basis for constructing a lesson on the formation of cognitive actions. Dis-course allows organizing the student's productive mental work both in the process of perceiving the teacher's argumentation and in the process of con-structing his own strategy of proof and the formation of arguments. In addition, the authors give an example of a lesson on the formation of cognitive actions based on the proposed cognitive approach.

The article discusses the possibility of using multimedia technologies in the education of older preschool children in order to develop their mathematical skills. The effectiveness of using multimedia presentation in comparison with traditional teaching methods was analyzed and such advantages of multimedia presentation as the ability to visualize mathematical concepts, the use of sound effects and interactive elements, as well as accessibility and ease of use for children were presented. The article is of practical im-portance for teachers and parents who are interested in developing mathematical skills in children and are looking for new methods and approaches to learning.

It is no coincidence that the use of resources in the digital educational environment is considered a priority direction in the development of the education system in modern Russia, which allows the teacher to apply the latest developments of the pedagogical community, and students to more successfully master the material being studied. The use of digital content in the field of non-formal education is especially relevant, since it is based primarily on the interests and specific needs of students. The article reveals the potential of electronic resources for the development of cognitive activity of preschool children in the non-formal education system.

The article reveals the problem of forming cognitive activity in younger schoolchildren in the process of learning mathematics. The authors of the article describe the theoretical and practical stages of the study related to the formation of cognitive activity in 3rd grade students, and also provide a description of the developed set of mathematics exercises aimed at increasing cognitive activity in primary schoolchildren.