Keyword: «competence»

In the context of ongoing educational transformations, the tasks and functions of the faculties of higher education institutions are becoming more complex, which entails the need to change the methodological support of the educational process. The implementation of new approaches to the organization of methodological activities in higher education is associated, first of all, with the degree of expression of the methodological competence of an individual teacher. Therefore, various aspects of the phenomenon of a teacher’s methodological competence at a modern university are one of the significant subjects of scientific research. The aim of the article is to theoretically substantiate the concept of "methodological competence of a higher education teacher" in the context of the existing educational environment and its structure. The consideration of the methodological competence of a teacher of the higher education system was preceded by a retrospective analysis of domestic and foreign articles in the field of professional competence, a particular manifestation of which is methodological competence. As the main results of the study, a modern view on the concept of "methodological competence of a higher education teacher" is presented from the position of a functional approach, taking into account the integral essence of professional competence and practical significance. A model of the structure of methodological competence is also proposed, including components (gnoseological, praxeological and axiological) and four levels described using universal descriptors. These universal descriptors can be refined based on current requirements for the content of methodological competence. In our opinion, it should be expressed in the language of particular methodological competencies or competences. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the fact that the interpretation of the methodological competency of a university teacher in relation to today's realities serves as the basis for solving the problem of identifying or updating the organizational-pedagogical and psychological-pedagogical conditions for its formation. The study is also significant from a practical point of view, since the developed model of the methodological competency structure can be used by educational organizations of the additional professional education system when working out programs aimed at improving methodological activities, as well as for intra-university monitoring of its effectiveness.

The present article is devoted to the topical issues of training specialists in the sphere of state and municipal governing. It considers the high requirements to professional knowledge and skills necessary for effective work in this field, emphasising the importance of not only theoretical basis, but also the development of practical skills, which requires the introduction of new educational approaches. The shortcomings of the traditional education system, which is unable to sufficiently provide specialists to solve complex professional problems, are analysed. The article puts forward a transition to a competence-based approach, which encompasses the cultivation of students' profound knowledge, skills and personal qualities deemed integral for effective fulfilment of professional duties. It pays particular attention to the reflexive-activity approach, which ensures active student participation in the educational process and fosters the capacity for autonomous task setting and problem-solving in a professional context.

The article discusses changes in the content of professional training of technical specialists, reflected in the new Federal State Educational Standard (FSES), which entered into force in 2024. The main attention is paid to the specialty 23.02.07 «Maintenance and repair of engines, systems and assemblies of cars».

The article discusses topical issues of improving the professional competence of teachers in the context of modernization of the preschool education system. The authors focus on the content of the distinctive features of the concepts of «qualified teacher» and «competent teacher». An approximate program for improving the professional competence of teachers in the field of tourism and local history activities with preschoolers is presented, developed within the framework of the regional internship site on the topic «Development of children's tourism as a condition for preschoolers to master the socio-cultural and natural environment of their native land».

The article deals with current problems that take place during the training of military pilots to effectively use the complex of aviation weapons of a modern combat helicopter and ways to solve them.