Keyword: «schoolchildren»

This article is devoted to the problem of formation of cognitive competence of secondary school students by the example of studying the "Russian Truth". The paper considers three methods of organizing the work of students using historical documents. Special attention is paid to the quest-technology, which affects all the main parts of cognitive competence.

This text examines the importance of career guidance for schoolchildren, focusing on the importance of choosing the right profession and the potential consequences of mistakes in this process. According to surveys, many graduates of higher educational institutions do not work in their specialty, which leads to depression, burnout and dissatisfaction. Special attention is paid to the pilot's profession, which requires high qualifications and motivation, since the cost and com-plexity of training are very high. The text also emphasizes that career guidance should begin at an early age and include not only theoretical, but also practical training, for example, through pro-grams such as «Country Aviation» and «Youth Gliding School», which help students navigate the choice of an aviation-related profession and develop personal motivation. The main purpose of career guidance programs is to give students the opportunity to get acquainted with aviation professions, develop interest and skills for further professional self–realization. The text also highlights the effectiveness of such programs, based on the experience of the USSR and modern methods of training through flight training and practical exercises.

In a rapidly changing world characterized by dynamically developing technologies and increasing information overload, the task of preparing schoolchildren capable of independent, critical and creative thinking comes to the fore. Traditional approaches to learning, focused on the reproductive assimilation of knowledge, are insufficient for the formation of competences necessary for successful adaptation and implementation in the future. In this regard, there is a pressing need to develop the personal potential of each student, to form a stable motivation for learning. The experience of cognition, including the skills of observation, analysis, synthesis, hypotheses, experimentation and interpretation of results, allows students not only to assimilate knowledge, but also to actively participate in the process of its construction. It is the experience of cognition that provides the opportunity for critical assessment of information, an independent search for solutions and adaptation to changing conditions. Within the framework of our research approaches, the process of cognition is considered as a reflection of reality in thinking, creative activity aimed at creating knowledge about the world. The key element in the formation of cognitive experience is the use of tasks of the third type – the tasks that the student is not yet able to solve independently, but which stimulate his cognitive activity. The proposed technology is based on the systematic use of scientific cognition methods (empirical, theoretical and universal) in solving problems of the third type. The research methodology includes analysis and synthesis of literary sources, modeling and design of the structure of teaching technology. As a result of the theoretical study, the works of domestic and foreign researchers in the field of formation of cognitive experience in schoolchildren were analyzed. The authors propose the theoretical development of the technology of teaching preservice teachers aimed at fostering the experience of cognition in schoolchildren through the use of tasks of the third type and methods of scientific cognition. The article is of theoretical interest to methodologists and teachers dealing with the issues of cognitive experience development. The obtained results can become the basis for updating specific subject methods and working out practical materials for developing students’ experience of cognition.

The article presents the results of an empirical study of the features of burnout in girls and boys studying in high school. It reflects data on the severity of the three components of school burnout, on the sexual characteristics of exhaustion, cynicism and feelings of inadequacy, as well as on the dynamics of the manifestation of these components in girls and boys in grades 10 and 11.

The article is devoted to the current problem of digital fatigue in schoolchildren. The main causes of this condition are considered: excessive study load in digital format, constant distraction by social networks, lack of live communication, violation of the daily routine, etc. Particular attention is paid to the research data showing how the decrease in digital activity affects the lives of schoolchildren in the city of Smolensk. Practical recommendations are offered for parents and teachers: how to organize the educational process to reduce the digital load, what habits will help schoolchildren maintain health and concentration.