Keyword: «social adaptation»

This article examines key aspects of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including its main features, diagnosis, and cultural factors that influence the process of identifying and understanding ASD. An overview of current knowledge about the etiology, clinical presentation and approaches to ASD therapy is presented. An empirical study was conducted with 42 respondents whose answers reflect a variety of opinions and value orientations regarding ASD. The findings expand the understanding of the complexities associated with diagnosing and supporting people with ASD, and also emphasize the importance of taking into account cultural contexts when working with this disorder. The article is of interest to specialists in the field of clinical psychology, psychiatry, pedagogy, as well as to persons interested in autism problems.

The article examines the issue of emotional intelligence in younger schoolchildren as an important psychological construct that determines features of social adaptation, interpersonal interaction, and academic success in primary school. The relevance of the study is driven by increasing demands on children's emotional maturity within the contemporary educational environment and the need for targeted pedagogical influence on the emotional sphere of personality in early school age. The aim of the article is a theoretical analysis of the nature of emotional intelligence, its structural components, and age-related characteristics of its manifestation in younger schoolchildren. The paper synthesizes domestic and foreign scientific approaches to understanding emotional intelligence and identifies the main psychological and pedagogical conditions that promote its development within the primary school educational process. The findings can be used in primary education practice when organizing instructional and воспитательная work focused on developing students' emotional competence.