Keyword: «secondary vocational education»

The modern world focuses on improving the welfare of Russian citizens, which is impossible without a contribution to the development of human resources. It should be noted that the system of secondary vocational education (SVE) plays a significant role in the economic growth of the country. Therefore, it is important to create the right conditions for the functioning of this system and the training of highly qualified specialists who have a sufficient number of competences and skills to be competitive in the labor market. The purpose of our research was a historical analysis of secondary vocational education, the prerequisites for its emergence, development depending on the demands of the time, starting from the time of Kievan Rus and up to nowadays. It is the complete historical picture that makes it possible to compare tasks and their solutions, positive experience at different time intervals that allow us to select the best practices today. The realities of the modern world require taking into account high turbulence in all spheres of activity, the presence of hard and soft skills for the formation of preadaptive behavior among students in order to be successful in personal and professional spheres. Accordingly, the introduction of various professional skill competitions and championships, which was common in the Soviet Union, and active participation in them allows students to develop, evaluate their achievements, strive for the best. In addition, the system of dual training used in Soviet times is becoming more and more relevant today. Professionality in modern conditions makes it possible to shorten the period of training due to focus on practical work, as it was in the war and post-war time on the example of vocational schools and industrial factory schools. The analysis of the article is based on such methods as a theoretical review and examination of domestic and foreign literature on the problem of research and generalization of the experience of the SVE system functioning. Review of historical, socio-economic and pedagogical literature allowed us to assess how the demands of time had influenced on the development of the SVE system. It is concluded that a broad view on the historical situation makes it possible to use successful experience taking into account modern paradigms. As the results of the study, promising directions of the development of vocational education today are given: participation in the national program "Education", "Professionalism", the introduction of a dual training system, a demonstration exam and various professional skills competitions and championships.

The article considers a system of visual teaching aids that can be used in teaching technical disciplines in a modern technical school. Visual methods are divided into the method of demonstration, the method of illustration, observation and video method. Each of the visual methods is important in its own way in the organization of training. Visualization contributes to the acquisition of conscious and solid knowledge, it implements the connection between theory and practice, promotes the development of abstract thinking based on the connection between the concrete and the abstract, forms the cognitive interest and activity of students.

The article presents the experience of designing and testing a model for the preparation of pedagogical practice of students of the specialty 44.02.01 Preschool education for the formation of functional literacy of preschoolers using the digital educational environment «MEO Kindergarten».

The purpose of this article is to consider the features of the use of gaming and case technologies in the process of teaching students of secondary vocational education, and proves the effectiveness and prospects of using these technologies in the training of specialists in the direction 40.02.02 "Law enforcement. The initial results of the conducted pedagogical experiment among students of the educational institution of the NPOU "YAKIT" are presented, which showed that these technologies and methods of active and interactive learning contributed to increasing the motivation of students, involved in the educational process, the creative potential of students, contributed to the consolidation of existing knowledge, as well as the independent development of new information. In addition, this experience helps the teacher both creatively implement his approach in the educational process, and with the correct organization and submission of new material, achieve the goals set in the federal educational standard of secondary vocational education in the training of legal specialists.

Currently, the system of secondary vocational education, as an integral part of the Russian educational space, is undergoing significant transformations, due to which the quality of the educational process is improving. One of the trends is the use of an environmental approach to the organization of extracurricular activities of students of a professional college. The environment of an educational institution has a significant potential in the formation of not only professional, but also general competences (GC), which are noted as a result of training students at a professional educational institution. One of the most important GC for a future specialist is sociocultural one, which is based on the acceptance of a multicultural world, which will allow him/her to successfully interact with representatives of various ethnic groups (colleagues, administration, consumers) in the course of professional work. The purpose of this study is a theoretical analysis of the "socio-cultural environment" concept of a professional college, definition of the structure of this environment, characteristics of its main components. From the standpoint of an environmental, competence-based and practice-oriented approaches, the authors analyzed domestic and foreign scientific works on the organization of the socio-cultural environment in a professional college, which made it possible to define the essence of the phenomenon under study, to identify and characterize the spatial-sematic, information-virtual, communication-organizational and methodological components of this environment. The content development of these environment components will allow the teaching staff to focus students' attention on the norms of cultural communication and cultural values when conducting extracurricular activities. The theoretical significance of this study is in justifying the need for organizing a socio-cultural environment in a professional college. The practical significance lies in the possibility of using its results by methodologists and teachers of the SVE system in the development of structural components of the environment that contribute to the formation of students' sociocultural competence.