№ 02 (February)

The development of digitalization processes in education, including higher education, leads to better competitiveness of University graduates. At the same time, students have additional prospects for realizing their labor potential in the digital economy, since the digitalization of educational process allows students to adapt to the specific requirements of economic processes taking place in the digital sphere. Education in the context of digitalization is carried out using distance learning technologies, information systems and learning management systems. The need to assess the attitude of students towards them determined this study aimed at identifying problematic aspects in students’ attitude to the use of distance technologies in education and assessing their readiness to participate in educational processes in the digital environment. In this regard, the purpose of the study includes studying the attitude of students to participation in distance learning processes, implemented by means of information educational technologies and learning management systems use, as well as the introduction of distance learning elements. The study was carried out on the basis of examining the personal opinions of students, recorded and processed in a certain way. The study involved the use of an integrated approach, characterized by the use of various research methods: in particular, observation, survey based on a questionnaire, summary and generalization of the results were implemented. Graphical visualization was also used, which made it possible to visually present the results of the study of students' opinions. The article examines the opinion on the use of distance learning technologies in the implementation of the digital education system, which makes it possible to identify the impact of distance learning on the formation of students' competences. When conducting the study, all its aspects were considered on the example of KNRTU named after A. N. Tupolev (Kazan) and the distance learning processes implemented at the university to prepare students for activities in the context of the economy digitalization through the introduction of new educational technologies into the educational process.

The relevance of the article is due to the need to analyze problems and identify difficulties in the conditions of teaching foreign language to students of non-linguistic specialties of a pedagogical university in a remote format, analyzing assessments and personal qualities of future teachers after a semester conducted in online training. The problem of the development of the personal component of future teachers is of interest to the pedagogical community and becomes most relevant in the conditions of distance learning. The purpose of the study was to explore the experience of online learning, to identify the difficulties of developing a personal component in an electronic environment. In order to achieve the main goal, this article addresses personal and developmental education and axiological aspects in the training of future teachers in a distance education environment, outlines the difficulties faced by teachers in the changed conditions. The main problem was the lack of experience of many teachers in the new regime, the lack of certain methods of teaching a foreign language online, contributing to the development of professionally significant personality qualities, the development of personal potential, and the formation of universal human values. As a result, the knowledge and skills obtained in the new educational conditions under the Foreign Language educational program at the Volgograd State Socio-Pedagogical University are analyzed. According to the results of the study, the development of professionally significant personality qualities remained undecided within the framework of a humanistic approach in education, personal development education, as part of the functioning of axiological aspects in the training of future teachers. In the online learning mode, in the absence of real communication, mutual enrichment, interaction with the teacher, difficulties arose in creating personality-developing situations at foreign language classes. Personality-developing situations act as a means of forming various types of personal experience, expressing a personal position, which is very important for the training of future teachers. Methods used: theoretical - analysis of methodological literature and regulatory documents, forecasting results; practical - pedagogical observation, analysis, testing - help to reveal the main problems of the development of the personal component in the conditions of distance learning for future teachers. The research materials can be used for further research aimed at developing methods for creating personality-developing situations in remote education, revealing the axiological aspect of training future teachers in the new educational conditions.

Hot temper attacks refer to deviations in the behavior of children along with hyperactivity, aggressiveness. Such negative manifestations in modern children cause the greatest concern due to the fact that these children will be responsible for the further status of our country and the direction of its movement - towards development or towards degradation. And this, undoubtedly, presupposes the timely identification of children with signs of irascibility and negative manifestations in behavior, in order not only to prevent an unfavorable development option for preschoolers, but also to provide complex psychological and pedagogical support for them. This issue is especially pressing in connection with the successful preparation of the child for school, and in the future for an independent life. Therefore, the upbringing and education of such preschoolers presupposes the responsibility of adults, aimed at giving children access to the space of culture, making them comprehend its values and meanings. The nature of the child's development is largely determined by the nature of the emerging relationships, which provide support in building harmonious social relations, learning new models of interaction with one’s own self and the world, overcoming the difficulties of the child's socialization. Therefore, we can say that the urgency of the hot temper problem in children in modern conditions does not require additional evidence. The article reveals the significance of this issue in the main regulatory documents: the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation", the Strategy for the Development of Education in the Russian Federation for the Period until 2025, the Federal State Educational Standard of Preschool Education. The purpose of the article is to present and describe experimental work on the problem of irascibility in older preschool children. Research methods of our problem: a group of theoretical methods; empirical: experiment (ascertaining, forming and control stages), the test "Scale of irascibility" (modified version of the questionnaire "Personal aggressiveness and confliction" by E. P. Ilyin and P. A. Kovalev), the eight-color test by M. Lusher, the method of projective anxiety test (authors R. Tamml, V. Amen, M. Dorki); methods of processing the received data. The results of the experimental work (ascertaining and control stages) prove the reliability of the complex of activities aimed at preventing and correcting the irascibility of older preschool children. The data of the ascertaining and control stages of the experiment are evident and detailed. The theoretical significance of the work lies in the generalization of the theoretical and methodological aspects of irascibility problem in preschool children. The presented complex of activities is practice-oriented and can be used in the practical work with preschool children.

Primary school age is a period of active development of personality abilities, which are revealed and improved in the process of educational and cognitive activity. Talent as a systemic quality of a person, manifested under the influence of certain factors as successful achievements in certain types of activity, requires special conditions. Individualization of the educational system, which involves taking into account the interests and abilities of students, contributes to the actualization of the individual talents of primary school children, the implementation of the prerequisites for giftedness. Differentiation in mass school contributes to the creation of conditions for the optimal design of an individual educational trajectory for each student. The relevance of the research presented in the article is determined by the need for pedagogical practice in effective ways of organizing the teaching of gifted primary school children on the basis of an individually differentiated approach in a mass school. The purpose of the pedagogical research is the development and experimental testing of a work system on the organization of education for primary school children with academic talent in the aspect of an individually differentiated approach. The theoretical significance lies in the development of ideas about the category of "giftedness"; determination of the structural components of the work system on the organization of education for primary school children with academic talent in the aspect of an individually differentiated approach, their content. The practical significance lies in the possibility of implementing in pedagogical practice a system of work on organizing the education of academically gifted primary school children in the aspect of an individually differentiated approach, as well as provided educational tasks for primary school children with academic giftedness, differentiated in accordance with the level of independence and knowledge of educational material. In addition, the results of the study are of practical interest: a selected list of the most effective forms and methods of teaching primary school children in the context of the individually differentiated approach implementation can be used in the work of a primary school teacher when organizing work with academically gifted schoolchildren. There are also recommendations for conducting training sessions using a combination of forms of education organization. The results obtained in the course of the research may be used for working out teaching aids and didactic materials for primary schools.

The relevance of the problem under study is due to the need to include volunteer activities in the structure of professional training of future teachers, contributing to the formation of significant sociocultural values. The importance of including this component in the educational process of higher school is emphasized in the Concept for the development of volunteering in the Russian Federation, in the letter of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated September 11, 2020 "On the inclusion of educational modules in the main professional and additional professional educational programs": Sample program of the discipline (module) "Organization of volunteer activities and interaction with socially oriented non-commercial organizations." The purpose of the study is to determine the components and mechanisms of the formation of social and cultural values among future teachers through volunteer activities. The authors present the leading theoretical and methodological approaches to the formation of social and cultural values (axiological, systemic activity-oriented, personality-oriented, competence-based approaches) and key vectors and components that make it possible to determine the level of their formation in future teachers. The competence-based approach is noted as basic one in terms of both the formation of empirical skills and the development of sociocultural components. This approach is of particular relevance in line with the introduction of a new generation of federal state standards of higher education, providing for the inclusion in the educational component of disciplines that allow the formation of personal socio-cultural values of future teachers. In addition, the article defines the leading research methods of the problem, which make it possible to assess the motivational, cognitive and reflexive components, as well as to identify the ratio of components, criteria and indicators of the formation of sociocultural values. The practical significance of the research lies in the determination of the main mechanisms of the formation of socio-cultural values among future teachers. The main mechanism is the inclusion of students in volunteer teams.

Currently, patriotic education is the most important national task, the solution of which provides for the intelligent systemic activity at different levels. The purpose of the study is to identify the characteristic features of the patriotic education of children and youth using personal example of young heroes of the Great Patriotic War. The study was conducted on the basis of the Tula State Pedagogical University named after Leo Tolstoy with volunteer students who took part in the project. Research methods: theoretical (study and analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, analysis, generalization and systematization of information from scientific sources); empirical (questioning, pedagogical experiment); methods of mathematical statistics. The principles of consistency and integrity in solving the problems of patriotic education, taking into account the individual and age characteristics of students were identified as fundamental. The article presents the experience of implementing the project “Training of educational volunteers to support events dedicated to the Year of Memory and Glory“ Heroic generation of peers””, aimed at the patriotic education of young people and the preservation of historical memory, the development of patriotic volunteering. Its characteristic feature is the form of interaction organization in the system “university students - school students”. The content of the project includes the organization of a monitoring study on the issues of patriotic education of children and youth, the training of volunteer students of patriotic orientation, the design of classes in patriotic education which are dedicated to the feat of the young hero of the Great Patriotic War, who lived on the Tula land, the same age as today's boys and girls. In educational institutions, volunteers actively interacted with representatives of student self-government, the Russian movement of schoolchildren, the school's museum members, etc. Class tutors, social teachers, youth leaders, representatives of the RMS, public organizations of patriotic orientation, etc. can use thematic lessons of patriotic orientation. The project contributed to the preservation of historical memory and the development of patriotic volunteering.

. In modern society, it is necessary to develop organizational skills and abilities, starting from primary school age. This is possible under specially created psychological and pedagogical conditions: inclusion of fourth-graders in the cooperative creative activity of the teacher and students, creation of a personality-oriented educational environment, taking into account the age characteristics of students. The purpose of the article is to reveal the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of organizational skills in fourth-graders. The theoretical significance of the research is in description of the organizational skills development among fourth-graders in the creative workshop. The practical significance of the study lies in working out and implementation of a series of measures aimed at developing organizational skills in fourth-graders.

At the present stage of society development, the connection between the virtual and social space allows us to speak of the Internet space as one of the factors of the individual socialization. Many scientists-psychologists, both foreign and domestic, worked on this problem. The aim of the study was to identify the factors affecting the development of deviant forms in teenagers. Psychologists studying this theory agree that the modern Internet space can be considered as an area for the development and socialization of a personality, but insufficient control results in deviant forms of behavior.

The relevance of the considered problem, i.e. the development of social competence of adolescents, acquires special significance in the context of modern multicultural education. As a result of migration, an increasing number of classes with a mixed ethnic representation appear in Russian schools, which certainly creates the danger of teenage conflicts. The aim of the empirical study was to find the relationship between social competence and the degree of conflict rate among adolescents in a class with a mixed ethnic representation. The results obtained in the course of the study confirm the relationship between the level of social competence development and the severity of conflict manifestations in adolescents.

The article provides a characteristic of cryptocurrencies and electronic money and talks about the trends in their development and use in Russia and other countries, since the introduction of these technologies is a significant phenomenon due to the specifics of the modern activities of the financial sector. The aim of the work is to consider the trend of digital money development, to determine which money is most popular among the population. The reasons for development or its absence in the sphere of implementation in the financial sphere of life are examined. The work results in the conclusion that electronic money is developing more efficiently compared to cryptocurrencies.