№ 06 (June)

The relevance of the topic studied by the authors is due to the fact that today an employee of the penitentiary system must have a number of specific skills, the most significant of which are the skills of intercultural communication, consisting of such components as: tolerant interethnic interaction and the ability to keep a constructive intercultural dialogue. These requirements established by the state and society for an employee of the penitentiary system indicated the need to develop the skills of interethnic tolerance among cadets. The problem of forming the skills of interethnic tolerance among cadets of educational organizations of the federal penitentiary service, based on the principles of tolerance, has been in the focus of attention of various scientific directions for a long time. The purpose of the study was to substantiate theoretically and test experimentally the proposed directions for the formation of these skills in cadets. The study was carried out by the authors using the following methods: the questionnaire "Diagnostics of general communicative tolerance" by V. V. Boyko, modified by the authors; questionnaire "Finding the level of conflict tolerance" by N. P. Fetiskin, V. V. Kozlov, G. M. Manuilov; express questionnaire "Index of Tolerance" (G. U. Soldatova, O. A. Kravtsova, L. A. Shaigerova). The conclusions and proposals made by the authors for improving the educational process in the Vladimir Legal Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service and the possibility of further scientific developments on this topic represent the theoretical significance of the work. The practical significance of the work is the experience of the formation of interethnic tolerance skills among cadets considered in the article on the example of the Vladimir Law Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service, which, if necessary, may be used by other universities. The main results of the work include the implementation of the directions proposed by the authors for the formation of interethnic tolerance among cadets, a positive change in attitudes towards representatives of other ethnic groups, an increase in the level of interethnic tolerance in the experimental group. Thus, the effectiveness of the directions proposed by the authors for the formation of interethnic tolerance among cadets has been proved. The experience of forming the skills of interethnic tolerance among cadets, considered on the example of the Vladimir Law Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service, may be used by other higher educational institutions in order to increase the effectiveness of educational work among students.

Changes in the formation of a new technological foundation are based on the introduction of innovative scientific achievements in all spheres of society, therefore, there is an acute issue of the availability of scientific and technical potential and high-tech production, the solution of which largely depends on the quality level of professional personnel and their competitiveness. The article describes the essential content of the system of scientific organization of labor in preparing participants for the WorldSkills championship and gives the analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature, revealing the principles of the scientific organization of labor to improve competitiveness in professional activities. The purpose of the study is to theoretically substantiate the use of the principles of scientific organization of labor to increase competitiveness in preparation for the WorldSkills championship. The methodological basis of the study is the idea of technological, competence, systemic approaches, general scientific methods of comparative analysis (historical retrospective), synthesis and generalization. The theoretical significance of the article is as follows: the authors reveal the content of the labor scientific organization concept to increase competitiveness in preparation for the WorldSkills championship as a process of organizing professional labor aimed at increasing its productivity; present a retrospective of the views of Russian and foreign scientists on the essence of the concept of labor scientific organization, which includes elements and tasks of labor organization, revealing the importance of the process under study for the system of effective training of competitive personnel; examine the systems of labor motivation in different periods of our country development; substantiate the principles of scientific organization of labor to increase competitiveness in preparation for the WorldSkills championship. The practical significance of the article lies in the fact that the conclusions and provisions contained in it reveal the principles of the scientific organization of labor to increase competitiveness in preparation for the WorldSkills championship, which is confirmed by the results of the study. The authors note that the main emphasis should be placed on early vocational guidance, motivation and stimulation of young people and students, increasing the prestige of blue-collar occupations with the help of forms and methods of vocational training, which are based on the principles of the scientific organization of labor.

The relevance of the research problem in this work is due to the tendency to accelerate the informatization of society, contributing to the process of emergence of new competences that are necessary for every successful person. Formation of information competence of students is a necessary part of the educational process of primary school. In the theory and practice of solving this problem, they propose various means aimed at the formation of components of information competence of students, including those in the framework of extracurricular activities. At the same time, the resource of modern multimedia technologies together with the organization of project activities is not sufficiently studied. Therefore, we see the purpose of the study in considering the concept of “information competence” in relation to students of primary school age, as well as developing and testing a program of extracurricular activities, the implementation of which makes it possible to form all components of information competence of students when organizing project activities using multimedia technologies. The study assumed the use of an integrated approach, characterized by the use of methods of analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature on the problem of research, the selection of substantive characteristics and the main components of the information competence of primary school students on this basis. Taking into account the identified theoretical approaches, a holistic experiment was organized, including diagnostic and formative stages, which made it possible to identify the developmental potential of multimedia technologies for the formation of information competence among students. We associate the theoretical significance of the study with the modification of scientific approaches to the consideration of the "information competence" concept. The practical significance of the study is to consider the methodological aspects of planning the content of the extracurricular activities course to create effective conditions for the formation of information competence of students. The proposed course is modular in nature and it is based on the organization of project activities of students with the inclusion of multimedia technologies at its different stages.

The goal is to work out and test a program for implementing mentoring in pairs as a basis for developing the personal potential of a mentor and a troubled teenager, taking into account their individual characteristics. The study has been conducted on the basis of the Central Educational Institution No. 27 and Tula State Pedagogical University named after L.Tolstoy, which teenagers, senior schoolchildren, and students have attended. Research methods include theoretical ones (study and analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature; analysis, generalization and systematization of information from scientific sources); empirical ones (questionnaires, testing, pedagogical experiment); and methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis. The diagnostic program includes the following methods: «Questionnaire of interpersonal relations» (author – A. A. Rukavishnikov), «Communicative and organizational inclinations» (authors – V. V. Sinyavsky, B. A. Fedorishin), «Unfinished sentences», the test «Who am I?» (author – M. Kuhn). Based on the results of the study of troubled teenagers and mentors from among students and senior schoolchildren, a program for the development of mentoring in pairs is compiled in order to form a positive image of a mentor–friend for troubled teenagers, prevent deviant behavior through inclusion in various activities, and provide systematic assistance to troubled teenagers. The development of mentoring relationships is based on the principles of trust, dialogue and constructive partnership, and mutual enrichment, as well as the direct transfer of personal and practical experience and knowledge. The content of the mentor training program includes the following sections: «I am a mentor», «How to become a mentor for a troubled teenager», «Steps of cooperation», «To help a mentor», «Feedback». The authors' approach to the content of the program consists in the development at mentors from among students and senior schoolchildren of models of positive prevention of deviant behavior of troubled adolescents in extracurricular activities. The analysis of the implementation of the mentoring program shows that the presence of a mentor-friend has a positive effect on the formation of positive behavioral patterns of a troubled teenager. Mentors help teenagers to reveal their personal potential by personal example and develop themselves as a pair (team), helping the younger ones. Mentoring at the same time is a way of direct and indirect personal influence of the mentor on the troubled teenager. For the mentor, such work turns into an element of personal improvement and self-development, acting as a test for a person in the future profession.

The content of the article reveals the relevance of this process, its timeliness, in the conditions of increasing risks caused by the peculiarities of the modern society development due to globalization, informatization, technologization. In addition, the need to examine this problem is due to the psychological, pedagogical and age-related prerequisites for the development of children of primary school age. The purpose of the study is a theoretical study of the problem of pedagogical support for the emotional development of primary school children. The methodological approaches that served as the basis for considering the problem of pedagogical support for the emotional development of primary school children are: humanistic, personality-oriented, systemic activity-oriented approaches. The article describes the age characteristics of the emotional development of primary school students (impressionability, spontaneity, frankness of feelings expression, emotional instability, little experience in recognizing emotional states in other people and in themselves, etc.). As a result, the essence of the "emotions", "support" and "pedagogical support" concepts was clarified. In the modern primary school, pedagogical support for the emotional development of the student, as noted by the researchers, takes on new meanings, based on the idea that the implementation of any activity is ensured by the coherence of functioning, the unity of the intellectual and emotional spheres. The theoretical and practical significance of the study correlates with the requirements outlined in the provisions of the Federal State Educational Standard of Primary General Education, which indicate the need to search for directions, forms, methods of pedagogical support for primary school students, expanding the range of subjects participating in the process of emotional development of students (parents, teachers, classmates, peers), organized with taking into account such principles as targeting, personalization, timeliness, consistency, etc.

Introduction of significant changes in terms of positions on upbringing and educational work to the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" dated December 29, 2012 No. 273-FL in 2020 actualize mass educational work, including vocational education. Such significant changes at the government level are practically the first massive ones since the 90s, taking into account the Law on Education, which was in force in those years, in which there were no positions on upbringing. The article provides an analysis of the domestic and foreign experience of student self-government, reveals the main factors of motivating the younger generation for voluntary activities of the head of the student association. From the point of view of psychology and pedagogy of vocational education, educational work at a university differs significantly from the well-known approaches and practices in school education. One of the differences is the work of student associations as subjects of such activities. With a large practice of university work with student associations, this activity in universities is not always effective in the upbringing aspect. The student association itself often does not have information and competences for building its activity in a modern university, including its target, content and technological positions. The work of the authors is aimed at identifying the grounds for designing the effective activity of a student association at a university in order to develop the subjective position of students in relation to the university and their own educational activity. The article proposes the ideas for the effective work of the student association, its content and characteristics. The formation of the student's subjective position in relation to their own education is presented by the authors as one of the ideas for the work of such an association. The application of the presented ideas in the practice of modern upbringing work of the university contributes to the achievement of mutual satisfaction of the interests of the university and members of student associations. The methodological basis of the work is the systemic, axiological, activity-oriented, competence-based approaches. The significance of the ideas presented lies in the possibility of their practical application in the work of student associations.

The relevance of this study is determined by the problem of finding ways to use electronic educational resources as a means of forming a foreign language professional communicative competence of future economists. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a need for an effective organization of the educational process using digital educational technologies in the context of distance learning. This article examines modern electronic educational resources as a means of improving the quality of education. The purpose of the article is to study the readiness of students to use electronic educational resources in the process of studying foreign languages on the basis of the Institute of Social Sciences and International Relations at Sevastopol State University. To achieve this goal, the author uses the following methods: empirical method (online survey) and statistical methods (qualitative and quantitative analysis of the results). 210 full-time and part-time students took part in the online survey. The material for the study were the Federal State Educational Standards of higher education, generalization of the advanced domestic and foreign pedagogical experience and the personal experience of the author of the article in the field of using electronic educational resources in the context of e-learning. The results of this study confirm that students are ready to use e-learning in universities today and have the necessary skills and abilities to work with computer technologies. The online survey made it possible to identify the advantages and disadvantages of using electronic educational resources in the educational process of the university. The practical significance of the study lies in determining the degree of student satisfaction with the organization of the educational process and may be important for the organization of e-learning in the implementation of basic educational programs of higher education.

The spread and development of the computerization processes in education makes it necessary to use special forms of training organization in the educational process, which are called distance learning. On the one hand, the distance learning system acts as a positive factor in ensuring the competitiveness of university graduates in the labor market, since many modern sectors of the economy operate on the basis of digital technologies and require potential participants to work in a digital environment. At the same time, the attitude of students to the use of distance learning technologies in the learning process is a little-studied factor and requires modern research, taking into account the transformation of learning processes under the influence of the circumstances of modern world reality and the need to assess the attitude of students to them, which determined the relevance of this study content. Thus, the purpose of the study is to identify the transformation of the practice of teaching in higher education institutions when introducing elements of distance learning. The study was conducted using a set of methods, including a preliminary analysis of the problem, making a ranking scale for the preparation of a questionnaire describing the main aspects of the use of distance learning elements in the practice of training at a university. The main part of the study was carried out using a set of methods, including observation, survey, generalization of data obtained on the rank scale, calculation of Spearman's rank correlation coefficients, etc. The article includes the study of the frequency and completeness of the use of distance learning elements in the educational process at the university in the conditions of the circumstances of modern world reality and before their occurrence on the basis of the of students’ opinions study. The conducted research was based on the study of students' opinions about the practice of using elements of distance learning in the educational process based on the use of new educational technologies in the educational process of the Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N.Tupolev (Kazan).

Modern educational paradigm faces the wide range of problems nowadays. One of the main issues is the problem of transition of high school leavers from narrow school world to the ‘adult’ world. While choosing their path whether to continue studying or to start working, graduates realize that they do not have the required set of skills needed for effective functioning in the nearest future. This problem generates other similar problems, such as the problem of career choosing, inability to make decisions, set goals and take on a responsibility. Such uncertainty worries young people and make them and their parents feel anxious which leads to early sending down from institutions of higher education, unjustified expectations and the feeling of time wasted in vain. The desire to solve this problem has helped us decide the direction of our study. That is why the aim of our study is to reveal the peculiarities of eduScrum tecnology influence on soft skills development. Having based on eduScrum technology, we have studied it thoroughly and discovered that this methodology leads students and teachers to the improvement of academic results in learning the school program when it is followed according to the strict plan. The next step in our study was the consideration of soft skills as the idea that is becoming more and more popular in applied linguistics. Soft skills today are regarded as an important stage of students’ development, because they represent those qualities, which would be useful in future work or education. In addition, the relevance of this study is justified by the lack of related works on the impact of eduScrum on the development of soft skills in schoolchildren. We may draw a conclusion that the described problem was not studied from such a side, and that has become the main criterion for choosing it. The question of potential of eduScrum technology in soft skills formation and development was studied both theoretically and practically and it is our MA thesis statement. The result of the research experiment is the electronic manual for teachers and students aimed to facilitate the studying process, to structure it and to enhance the results. Simultaneously with studying goals we also managed to raise awareness of our students about soft skills and develop some of them during the work with eduScrum.

Mastery of teacher’s empathy forms the foundation for fruitful communicative expertise in daily teacher-student interaction and promotes development of professional self-awareness. Empathy acquisition as a professional competence of a teacher makes an actual task. Solution of which can be achieved by deliberate training and self-training. The present research was targeted at deducting the impact of subjective Teacher-Student empathetic communication on the solution of such didactic tasks as overcoming emotional stress caused by the urgent need to digest masses of vocational information, creative positive teaching and learning media, motivation of general cognition. Within the research, the identification of the actual level of empathy among the English language teachers of the Russian University of Economics named after G.V.Plekhanov (Moscow), all of them having a long record of practical educational experience, was detected. Empathy as a personality feature is the ability to comprehend and share the emotions of another person. Actually, didactics and psychology define the phenomenon of empathy as a personality trait activated in situations of communication, cooperation and behaviour as it is. Researchers and practitioners in different social sciences share the opinion of empathy as one of the most important factors supporting a personality as a whole in its diverse roles. It helps an educator cope with daily most complicated tasks of communication preserving and accumulating competences and resources. Lack of striving to empathetic communication or the loss of it may lead to different problems, from losing contact with learners and colleagues to emotional burn-out. Several psychological techniques were selected to conduct the research. The results showed the probants’ statistically high level of developed empathy, also confirming the authors’ hypothesis of empathy having a significant value for their professional self-awareness. Authors’ observation confirms the idea that empathetic approach (within the humanistic approach) not only supports successful teaching activity but provides positive emotions and desire for creative progressing.

The relevance of the problem under study is due to the need to expand the understanding of the factors that influence the successful functioning of the family relations sphere. When people marry, each of the spouses has a developed system of individual principles that can influence the formation and development of family relations; the study of this relationship can help to increase the effectiveness of marriage and family counseling practice. The aim of the study was to study the relationship between the meaningful sphere of the personality and satisfaction with marriage. The results of practical research have confirmed the existence of this relationship between the studied objects.

High-quality teaching in the modern education system requires an integrated approach to educating and bringing up a comprehensively developed personality, taking into account the psychophysiological characteristics of students. The purpose of the study is to identify the pedagogical conditions for the development of attention of first-graders at the lessons of literary reading in the process of using language didactic games. Educational work based on the development of the attention of first graders belongs to the field of subject and meta-subject results of educational program learning and it is relevant for primary school. In our study, we used the methods of theoretical analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature on the problems of attention development in first graders, empirical methods (conversation, observation) to identify the current level of attention development in first graders, pedagogical experiment, methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis of the study results. The study resulted in a complex of differentiated language didactic games worked out by the authors, qualitative and quantitative changes in the level of first graders’ attention development. The systematic use of language didactic games had a positive impact on the development of the attention of first graders and on the quality of learning various topics of literary lessons.

The relevance of the topic studied by the authors is due to increased control in relation to the reforms carried out by the Federal Tax Service (FTS) of Russia. A large-scale sectorial project for the prevention and suppression of unjustified tax optimization in the agricultural sector is focused on freeing the agricultural market from shady schemes and eliminating the multi-stage resale process. The purpose of this study is to examine the position of the tax department, as well as the techniques and methods used by the Federal Tax Service. As a result of the study, the authors made an analysis of the main provisions of the national project, studied the algorithm for its implementation, and assessed its economic effect.

Recently, science deals with more and more segments of the financial system that have not been studied previously. One of these areas concerns the study of the amalgamation and takeover deals impact on the reaction of the stock market. The purpose of this work is to reveal the degree of the Russian stock market reaction to the occurrence of amalgamation and takeover deals in the oil / gas and financial sectors. In the course of the study, two hypotheses were considered concerning the influence of these deals on the excess market return. There were facts of insider trading in the oil and gas market and negative reactions from investors to announcements of amalgamation and takeover deals in the financial sector. Based on the results obtained, conclusions were drawn about the potential existence of other significant factors that could have an impact on the cumulative excess return of stock market shares at the time of such deals occurrence.