№ 08 (August)

The use of innovative technologies, forms, methods and means in preschool education has updated the issues of timely and high-quality training of teachers. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to select innovative and effective technologies from a number of related sciences, areas of scientific and practical knowledge and techniques based on a transdisciplinary approach and to study the readiness of teachers to implement them within the framework of the objectives of the educational field “Speech Development” in accordance with the Federal State Educational preschool education standard. The selection of technologies was carried out on the basis of fundamental domestic research in the field of child development psychology and modern trends in the modernization of education (informatization and digitalization). Information and communication technologies, modeling and schematization, mnemonics, cinquain, smart cards, su-jock therapy and body-oriented technologies that provide complex visual and motor activity of preschool children in the process main educational activities seem to be the most effective and promising for further development in the field of preschool education. The introduction of related sciences technologies into practice requires the provision of organizational conditions, one of which is the study of the teacher’s readiness to use the proposed technologies. Thus, we conducted a study based on testing and questionnaire methods, in order to identify the general competence level of teachers and the degree of updated technologies use in the process of speech development of preschool children. The results of the study indicate that modern teachers employ information and communication technologies and they are ready to master new software products in the field of education. Modeling and schematization technologies, mnemonics are also widely represented in practice. However, cinquain, smart cards, su-jock therapy, and body-oriented technologies have not been widely used in preschool education. Diagnostic results allow us to conclude that it is necessary to create a format for training teachers to use innovative technologies. This study precedes the development and testing a teachers’ training model for the introduction of innovative speech technologies in the discourse of non-formal and informal education.

The relevance of the studied problem is due to the disappointing statistics of crimes and offenses committed by minors, and more frequent high-profile crimes with manifestations of cruelty not characteristic of them, as well as a significant number of scientific and other publications on the issue being studied, and publications in electronic and print media. We have no a unified approach to legal education in Russia now; students of some educational organizations, at the initiative of regional authorities or teachers, study the basics of legal disciplines more thoroughly in comparison with other students who study law only within specific topics. This approach puts students in unequal positions, it does not contribute to crime prevention, as well as to increasing the general legal socialization of the younger generation. In this regard, it seems appropriate to consider the possibility of developing a unified concept of legal education in Russia. The purpose of this study is to identify existing problems in the implementation of legal education in Russia and to offer recommendations for reducing their negative impact. It is assumed that the goal will be achieved as a result of the analysis of existing trends and measures of legal socialization in Russia; understanding of the historical experience of legal socialization; definition of approaches to the implementation of legal socialization abroad; studying the opinions of students and teachers on the need for legal socialization, and existing problems by means of questionnaires. The main result of the scientific research is to identify the existing problems of implementing legal socialization in Russia and to offer recommendations for reducing the negative impact of its implementation problems at the present stage in Russia, in particular, specific measures that may be included in the Unified Concept of Legal Education. Based on the results of questionnaire answers of students in grades 8–11 of the Sverdlovsk region educational institutions, the main problems in the study of legal disciplines were identified, the main of which was the students' awareness of a lack of legal knowledge. During the study, synthesis, sociological, and analytical methods were used. This study will be useful for both theoretical and practical workers, in particular, for the teachers of junior and senior grades, staffs in the field of education, developing educational programs and standards, law enforcement officers working with minors, and it may also be used for further research and development.

Under the conditions of multilevel pedagogical education, the relevance of students' professional self-determination significantly increases. The initial stage of professional self-determination is an orientation in the values and meanings of the teaching profession. The article reveals the approach to the problem of the development of axiological bases of pedagogical activity among students, and presents its methodological support. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the methodology for the development of humanitarian meanings of the pedagogical activity of students-teachers by means of working with texts. The methodological basis of the research is represented by the concepts of the theory of meaning, pedagogical hermeneutics, and the original concept of semantic mechanisms of professional self-determination. Research methods included experimental work, qualitative analysis of «counter texts» and reflexive essays. The research work allowed us to determine the mechanism for the development of axiological foundations of pedagogical activity among students through the understanding and interpretation of multi-genre texts with pedagogical content and the creation of «counter texts». The condition for the productive work with texts was revealed: a multi-angle dialogue, during which the meanings of the text were compared with the historical context and modern realities, the actualization and enrichment of students' personal sense experience took place. The method of development of humanitarian meanings of pedagogical activity among students-teachers is presented. The method includes successive stages of the selection of texts, understanding their content, presenting their own understanding in the context of open dialogue, reflection on changes in their own perception of values, goals, methods of the teacher, and changes in the individual experience of professional identity. The article presents the positive results of the proposed method testing in the experimental work. Based on a qualitative analysis of «counter texts» and reflexive essays, the authors revealed positive dynamics in the content of students' pedagogical meanings, their understanding of pedagogical activity and their own professional development. Quantitative processing using content analysis and ranking method confirms these data. The theoretical significance of the research lies in the development of the meaning approach to the problem of professional self-determination in the context of university training of teachers. The ways of integrating the semantic mechanisms of professional self-determination in the educational process of the university proposed. The practical significance of the study is connected with the development of recommendations for improving career guidance of university practices in teacher education, and identifying ways to implement them in educational and extracurricular work with students.

This article explores the pedagogical potential of English-language videos at English classes. The relevance of the study is due to the general trend towards the use of polycode texts (films, songs, computer games) in modern secondary and higher education. The theoretical significance of the work lies in the review of domestic and foreign literature on using feature films in the considered context. It is established that they increase the level of motivation (through psychological comfort, positive emotions), develop various mental functions (first of all, attention and memory), play a certain role in improving linguistic skills, contribute to forming communicative situations and expanding students’ knowledge in history and culture of the respective country. It is noted that it is important to take into account the duration of the video and to work with it in three stages: preparatory (before watching), demonstrational (during watching) and final (after watching). Then the article presents the content of the method developed by I.S. Samokhin, associated with showing feature films at schools and universities, which reflects the practical significance and novelty of the study. The next section presents the tasks for the episode from the film “That’s What I Am”, along with the results obtained after demonstrating this fragment to a group of Intermediate level students who are studying within the specialty “Psychological and pedagogical education”. It is emphasized that they basically coped with the oral part (filling in the gaps, answering questions and discussing the episode) and did not cope with the written one (film review). Summing up, the authors of the paper caution teachers against the excessive use of assignments based on films, songs and other polycode texts, noting that more traditional exercises should play a leading role in the educational process. According to the authors, polycode texts primarily enhance the diversity effect, due to which the students have pleasant memories of the lesson.

The relevance of the problem is dictated, on the one hand, by the requirements of the fundamentalization of geometric and graphic training and the shift of emphasis on the formation of graphic and spatial intuitive and practical creative thinking and creative geometric and graphic activity, which is caused by changes in the work of bachelors of engineering and technology in the digital economy era. On the other hand, the extremely low level of geometric and graphic training, and sometimes its complete absence among first-year students who want to study engineering areas, has a negative effect on the organization of the educational process for successful learning of geometric and graphic disciplines (descriptive geometry, engineering and computer graphics). Reducing classroom time for the study of graphic disciplines has led to a critical reduction in the amount of geometric and graphic information, resulting in a limited opportunity to organize classroom teaching and educational process to the level of productive and creative activity of students necessary for future bachelors of engineering and technology. In this context, the system of geometric and graphic education requires the development of personal models for individual work of students (IWS), which accounts for up to 70% of the geometric and graphic knowledge and skills. The aim of the study is to analyze the functioning of the IWS system. In their study, the authors apply the activity and personality-oriented approaches that contribute to the educational and cognitive activity of students in the process of individual learning geometric and graphic disciplines, to the motivation for learning and acquiring professional experience. Individual work of a student aimed at developing certain levels of geometric and graphic competence should be organizationally and pedagogically supported by a teacher with the use of a personal and processual model of IWS. The practical results of the research might be used in developing and verification of pedagogical technologies and models for individual work of students (IWS).

The article reports about the results of a work that was devoted to studying the characteristics of emotions development in senior preschoolers with mental retardation. The author presents data on the ability of these children to perceive and understand emotions, as well as verbalize emotional states and reveals some difficulties arising in distinguishing emotions based on expressive characters, transmitted with the help of facial expressions. The disadvantages of using vocabulary to indicate emotions are shown. It is reported about the social immaturity of children in connection with the underdevelopment of the ability to understand the causes of emotional states.

The joint activities of the teacher and the student on the basis of modern technologies can create prerequisites for facilitating the process of cognition. The basis of the effective organization of training is the volitional aspect of the manifestation of the joint efforts of both parties, which affects the basic mental processes. Language disciplines have special opportunities for the systematization of cognitive activity. The main skills that contribute to the systematization of cognitive activity and are formed in the study of language disciplines include the ability to perceive information; consciously and selectively work with the text; properly organize the communication process and defend their own point of view; apply a scientific approach to knowledge acquisition and conduct research work.

The article is devoted to the issue of the dependence between the style of family relations and the educational motivation of primary school students. The authors describe the structure of educational motivation for primary school students and the classification of family relationships, and present quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results of an empirical study.

The article is devoted to the psychological aspects of the «creative citizen» personality formation. The analysis is made from the point of view of the citizen personality diversification with the definition of such types as global and local citizen. The authors analyze the trends of the city creative environment influence on the individual from the viewpoint of value orientations formation.

The article actualizes the problem of working out special diagnostic tools to identify general trends in different age, social and professional groups of people to assist victims in an emergency situation, to determine its level for a specific target group and to evaluate the effectiveness of the measures taken for psychological training. The authors propose a description of the detailed version of their questionnaire, which was worked out in accordance with the modern psychometric requirements.

In this work, the authors investigated the possibility of adopting amendments to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, expanding the list of restricted property rights by introducing a right of building. The prerequisites for changing the existing legislation in the field of the providing land for the construction of buildings or structures are studied. The main provisions of the draft law about the right of building are considered. The authors identified the shortcomings of the right of building legal structure proposed by lawmakers.

In the largest period of its statehood, our Fatherland had a monarchical form of government, a unitary state system and an undemocratic political regime. Two revolutions of 1917 determined the radical renewal, and then scrapping of the well-established centuries-old forms of the Russian state. In line with the large-scale socio-political and socio-economic changes caused by them, Russia became a republic in September 1917, a federation in January 1918, and in July 1918, the dictatorship of the proletariat, fixed in its first Constitution, and predetermined a new political regime, which was abandoned only in 1977. The dramatic events of 1991 led to the death of the Soviet state, the collapse of the USSR, the loss of the second economy of the world, the loss of half of the population, and many other serious consequences for the country and its people. The article analyzes the federalism updated in the early 90s of the last century, its current state and the problems identified by the authors.

The article is devoted to the implementation of the anti-corruption legislation requirements by the central subject of the state monetary system - the Bank of Russia and to the norms adopted for the implementation of these requirements on anti-corruption policy of the Bank of Russia. In addition, the author analyzed the anti-corruption measures used by commercial entities of the national banking system.

The article analyzes the features of civil liability of organizations’ heads and the conditions for the establishment of legal regulation of the digital economy. It is concluded that legislative consolidation of concepts related to digital financial assets will positively affect approaches to the criteria of honesty, reasonableness as expressions of an individual guilt.

The author reveals one of the pressing issues of our time - the compulsory procedure for the liquidation of legal entities. The article details the grounds for compulsory liquidation, written in law; the subjects that have the right to make such a decision are indicated. In addition, the author explains the differences between voluntary liquidation and judicial liquidation.

This article discusses a way out for the Russian economy from dependence on oil prices through innovative development. Since the country's innovative climate depends on the development of its five basic elements, such as government, education, corporations, entrepreneurship and venture capital, the authors examine a model of the innovation ecosystem. They analyze the territory of the Khabarovsk Krai and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) through the prism of the innovation ecosystem model.

Social capital is a system of social factors contributing to the socialization of the economy through mechanisms for improving social relations and interactions, compliance with social norms, interpersonal and inter-institutional trust. The key factors of social capital development are: social and civic activity of the population, charitable and volunteer activities, social investment and social subsidies, reduction of social risks and negative factors affecting social security, reducing the number of offenses, corruption and various forms of asocial behavior, social partnership. Based on the analysis of the criteria for the development of social capital in conjunction with the results of implementation, it is possible to evaluate the effectiveness of its influence on the socialization of the territorial economic system.

This article deals with the condition of the life insurance market in Kazakhstan, as well as the functioning of business entities in this industry. It analyzes such important indicators as assets, insurance reserves, equity capital, profitability, insurance premiums and insurance payments.

Economy provides the basis of the social development of society. Further ensuring of the economy functioning is impossible without increasing attention to the employee, his/her personal development, socialization of the entire economic system. Socialization of the economy implies a change in the trajectory of socio-economic development from purely state and corporate interests to the interests of a person, his/her needs and is manifested primarily in the socialization of labor, its transformation from a means of making money into a means of self-realization for a person. In a socializing economy, labor becomes a means of self-realization of an individual; the most significant aspects of an individual personality, his/her abilities and talents are revealed thanks to labor activity. Labor activity enriches a person’s life not only in the material aspect, but also in terms of personal growth and self-development. Comprehensive accounting of the population social needs allows intensifying the pace of socially oriented growth and social development.

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of indicators of socio-economic development of single-industry towns of the Samara region in the period 2013-2017. On the basis of statistical data, the conditions and trends in the current state and development of single-industry towns of the Samara region are identified.