№ 09 (September)

The relevance of the studied problem is due to the importance of a realistic and comprehensive analysis of the practice of inclusive and integrated education of children with disabilities. Today, the main focus is on organizational and pedagogical factors, analysis of the effectiveness of this form of learning. At the same time, practice shows that the ratio of students and their parents, who vote for inclusion, has not changed for the better in percentage terms. Many negative appraisals and opinions are still expressed. The reason for skeptics may be an insufficient study of factors contributing to the full integration of children with disabilities in the classroom and school staff. The most significant thing may be the establishment of a positive attitude and friendship of children with disabilities with their classmates. The aim of the study is to develop a methodology for the formation of communicative skills in junior students at a lesson in an inclusive class. The article reveals the importance of communicative interaction for achievement of mutual understanding and agreement between mainstream children and children with disabilities, analyzes the characteristics of primary school age and personal characteristics of children depending on the disease. The author shows the opportunities of using the lesson and curriculum content to establish students' communicative interaction. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility to demonstrate clearly the advantages of educational material use for building communicative interaction at the lesson and the formation of communicative competence of junior students. The analysis of the experimental work effectiveness in the framework of the set tasks allows us to conclude that the communicative interaction is effective for establishing a positive attitude of the inclusive class students towards each other, and developing friendly relations. The described form of work can become the basis for changing pedagogical practice, including the process of methodological development of lessons and working plans, which allows the teacher to work in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard.

The quality of education and its evaluation is one of the urgent problems of higher education, as the problem of reducing the quality of education today affects the education system as a whole. The introduced federal state educational standards of higher education, in the section "Evaluation of the quality of basic educational programs learning", contain requirements that employers should be given the opportunity to evaluate the content, organization and quality of the educational process as a whole. Because of this, the research of the labor market in terms of the demand for key competences of graduates and young specialists who come to work immediately after graduation from higher education institution is rather relevant. The purpose of this article is to analyze the most popular expectations of the labor market in rural areas of the South of Russia regarding University graduates – young specialists in various fields of agriculture. The main method of research is a sociological study (questionnaire), an additional method is an interview. Quantitative processing of the received data was made with the help of Excel program in relative (percent) and arithmetic mean values (average score). The sampling method (quota sampling method, taking into account the profile of training/specialty) provides the necessary level of representativeness of the study results. The article considers the leading theoretical approaches to the study of competence-based approach issues in education, evaluation of the quality of educational work, as well as various criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of higher education institutions proposed by the world's leading rating systems available in the foreign and domestic pedagogical literature of recent years. On the basis of the results of the theoretical review of the literature, it is possible to make conclusions about the problems in the sphere of graduates’ training, manifested in the lack of a number of universal core competences formation and non-cognitive "soft" skills. It is shown that monitoring the quality of teaching at the University on the basis of feedback from employers is important for the effective management of the educational process, as it allows us to identify more clearly the strong points of this process and the areas for its improvement. The results of the study showed that there are no uniform universal requirements for graduates training among employers. The ideal graduate – a young specialist from the point of view of the employer may be described as a ready professional with project thinking and capable of using the full range of information technologies. However, employers in general, taking as a fact the lack of some competences and professional experience, and in particular – a significant lack of practical training of graduates, expressed a desire to see among young specialists a wish for career making and professional development, the ability to work in a team, make management decisions, bear responsibility for them, as well as to have physical and mental health, psychological stability, high cultural level. The theoretical and practical significance of the study is in the development of diagnostic methods and questionnaires for monitoring the quality of education, as well as practical recommendations for the correction of educational work in the engineering University.

The development of the higher education system in Russia has always been one of the priorities of the state. State standards that determine the basic level of educational content play a fundamental role in the development of educational content and serve as the basis for assessing the level of future specialists’ training. According to the state educational standard of the third generation, the result of the educational process at the university is the level of students' competences formation. At the beginning of the XXI century, the competence approach that “replaces” the traditional one and involves the student’s professional and personal self-development, his/her adequate reaction in difficult situations, planning, and forecasting the results of his/her professional activity is used more and more often. The introduction of a competence-based approach changes the problem of assessing learning results. The search for effective ways related to the development and implementation of a competence-based approach is a long-standing problem. Accordingly, the purpose of this article is to illustrate how the competence approach is implemented as one of the components of teaching students, namely the description of a compiled textbook on foreign language learning as part of training students in several areas of technical specialties from the perspective of the competence approach. The worked out manual allows us to find solutions for various situations in scientific, professional and everyday situations. The article describes the stages of forming the manual, identifies goals and objectives, taking into account the characteristics of students. The methods of normative documents analysis, the study and synthesis of pedagogical experience, as well as observation, inductive and deductive methods of scientific cognition were used to solve the problems of the study. The rationale for the feasibility of working out textbooks that contribute not only to the implementation of the competence-based approach, but also to finding an approach to solving the main problem of the modern education system is the theoretical significance of the article. Practical use of research results allows us to build an effective work on the implementation of the competence-based approach in higher education.

According to federal state educational standards of the third generation, foreign language proficiency belongs to the general cultural competence of university graduates. In a non-linguistic university, one of the tasks of teaching foreign languages is to increase the level of understanding professionally oriented texts. The introduction and widespread use of information and communication technologies and Internet technologies in education requires an adjustment of the means and methods of teaching foreign languages. Moodle has been considered as a learning tool towards promoting students’ reading comprehension. The participants were 156 EFL students, majoring in mathematics. They were taught three kinds of professionally-oriented informative reading: 1) perceptive informative reading; 2) evaluative perceptive reading; 3) creative informative reading. The goal of this study is to compare the level of foreign language reading comprehension before and after the course “Academic Reading” using LMS Moodle. During the course students of the experimental group had a wide reading practice in the format of Hot Potatoes, Treasure Hunt, Subject Sampler, Multimedia Scrapbook and Web-Quests. Prior to experiential learning, the level of understanding of foreign texts was 25% in the experimental group and 26% in the control group in extensive reading. After the experiment the data was 78% students showed high level of reading comprehension in the experimental group and only 43% students in the control group. At the beginning of the study only 18 % of students in experimental group and 15% of students in control group demonstrated high level of reading comprehension in intensive reading. After two years of experimental training the indicators reached 53% in the control group and 88% in the experimental group with a coefficient p> 0.05. In total, the level of understanding of the foreign language text increased on average by 50% in the experimental group, and by 20% in the control group.

The article discusses some psychological aspects of labor safety; factors determining individual attitude to danger and affecting personal behavior; main types of human reactions in a dangerous situation. It is shown that it is possible to reduce the number of accidents caused by the human factor, if we take into account the peculiarities of the employee’s individual behavior, his formed opinion regarding safety, the level of his preparedness. The author gives an example of solving the urgent task for a transport company to maintain high working efficiency, physical and psychological health of employees, whose work implies regular psycho-emotional overload, by means of appropriate training within the framework of the company’s routine training, including the field of safety psychology.

The article presents the results of a study devoted to the need for success and emotionalism of a person. Emotional response plays a significant role in the motivational sphere and the sphere of personal needs (incentive, reflective, evaluative). An increase of emotionalism will result in the increase of the indicators of the need for success; when positive emotions arise from the success achievement, the desire to get similar results again and the emotional effect from them increases, thereby increasing the motivation for achievement.

The Soviet state provided Soviet citizens with free medical care. The 1993 Constitution of the Russian Federation also preserved this approach, which is known to most citizens of modern Russia, giving everyone (that is, any person, and not just a citizen of the Russian Federation) the right to get medical care and health protection. Moreover, the Constitution of the Russian Federation still contains rules indicating that medical help is provided to citizens free of charge in state and municipal health care institutions at the expense of the corresponding budget, insurance contributions, and other funds. This right of the Russian Federation citizens makes numerous state and municipal institutions responsible for providing free medical care. Recently, however, they have received the right to provide paid medical services on the basis of contracts with companies, institutions and organizations, their employees, as well as with individual citizens, although this does not entirely consistent with the status of the state health system institutions financed from state budgets. This and other remaining problems of legal regulation concerning free medical care for Russian citizens are considered in this article.

The article is devoted to historical study and comparative analysis of existing in domestic and foreign practice methods of organizing the work and functioning of municipal government in the conditions of changing society formations and the development of information and digital technologies. The relevance of the study is due to the need for rapid response of local governments to changes in the life of society, because there is a direct relationship between citizens and the state. The author offers new terms, possible for legislative formalization in view of the development of information and communication infrastructure of municipal authorities on the basis of the national program Passport "Digital economy of the Russian Federation". The author also studied the terminology of the modern municipal service institute in foreign countries, the main methods of introduction of electronic technologies in public administration in English-speaking countries. The author worked out recommendations for the domestic lawmakers and law enforcement analysts, contributing to the effectiveness of local government in the conditions of electronic technologies development and their implementation in the management mechanism. In addition, the author assesses the need for the reception of the foreign digital law in the domestic law.

The article discusses the problem of psychological and criminological prevention of crimes committed by means of communication technology. Criminological prevention of crimes means that investigators (detectives), operational officers, as well as specialists and experts use the technical resources, techniques and methods which are aimed at identifying and eliminating the causes of crimes and the conditions conducive to their commission. However, given the fact that crimes are committed by people, criminological tools, techniques and methods will not be enough to prevent crimes if they are not supported by psychological ones. The main psychological means are persuasion, suggestion, an example, a method of transmitting information, setting and varying tasks, etc. Psychological and criminological prevention of crimes committed with the use of communicative technologies can be divided into measures of organizational and psychological, technical and criminological, legal and scientific- methodological nature.

The article gives the definition of the "intelligent transport system" concept, outlines its main functions and the main role. The advantages for passengers of public transport in case of the full-scale implementation of an intelligent transport system are discussed. The author justifies the necessity of the intelligent transport system development in the Krasnodar region.

There is a noticeable improvement in the investment climate in Primorsky Krai. This process is accompanied by a revival of the commercial real estate market. This article discusses some features and structure of the commercial real estate market in the region. The authors assess the influence of this market on the development of small business.

The article analyzes the state of collective farms trade in Bashkiria during the Great Patriotic War. The outbreak of war meant a radical restructuring of the work for state and cooperative trade, which was due to a complex of reasons. On the one hand, there was a sharp reduction in the centralized funds of industrial and food products that were allocated to the republic. On the other hand, open forms of trade were replaced by a standardized supply system, and there was a rapid increase in commercial prices in retail outlets that continued to operate. In such conditions, the importance of agricultural products supplies from collective farms to the city markets of Bashkiria increased. The archival documents involved in the study allowed the author to conclude that the collective farm trade was unsatisfactory. Significant violations of the Soviet trade principles, the facts of outbidding, profiteering, cheat in weighing were revealed. At the same time, we must admit that a number of violations were caused by the poor organization of collective farm trade. Due to the lack of funds for improvement, the markets were not supplied with trading equipment, and the counters and pavilions required repairs. In addition, the conditions for effective countertrade, which was supposed to stimulate the supply of agricultural products to the cities of the republic, were not created.

The article deals with the study of functioning and the characteristic role of metaphors in the W. S. Maugham's novel «The Painted Veil». The purpose of the article is to analyze the features of metaphors in the novel of the British writer William Somerset Maugham «The Painted Veil». The article defines the concept of "metaphor" and its main types. It is argued that the metaphor is used in the literary texts to give the statement an emotional and expressive tone. The article discusses metaphors of a literary text and the features of metaphors use in a literary text.

This article is devoted to the analysis of words from American slang denoting professions. Its aim is to describe major groups of professions mentioned in the pointed out substandard vocabulary, to characterize the attitude of modern American society representatives to such occupations, to comment on some semantic and structural features of the above mentioned vocabulary.

The article analyzes the use of antiphrasis and antiphrasis style by modern writer Leonid Kaganov. Antiphrasis is the use of a word and phrase in the opposite sense, helping the speaker to emphasize the meaning of what has been said. Antiphrasis (sarcasm, irony) is primarily a humorous linguistic device, but this is not its only function in the works of Leonid Kaganov. With the help of antiphrasis, the author indirectly expresses a negative attitude to the events of political, cultural, social life, gives them a deontic assessment. In addition, Kaganov uses antiphrasis for edifying purposes to teach the reader something without explicit instruction. Antiphrasis as a language device and antifrastic style is the brightest symbol of Leonid Kaganov’s authorial manner, for which it is important to combine the lively character of communication with a deep ideological content.

The article presents the results of a study of the ethnolinguistic features of the language in English and Russian travel guidebooks in the aspect of intercultural communication on the example of travel guide to Japan. They are interesting because of a large number of different geographic and ethnographic realities, as well as due to the exceptional identity of Japanese culture. The features of the way of life in Russian and English guidebooks are in the use of ethnographic realities that define the concepts of life, religion, culture. The natural habitat is represented in English and Russian guidebooks by various toponymic realities.

The article analyzes the use of nature images in the works of F. Iskander. It is noted the importance of nature for the "natural" man, who is in close spiritual connection with it. The understanding of nature by Chegem people as a kind of animate being with divine power is actualized. The author comes to the conclusion about polyfunctionality of nature in the works of F. Iskander and highlights its main functions.

The article describes the analysis of typical grammatical errors made by Chinese students of the preparatory faculty when studying Russian as a foreign language, their classification, and an attempt to determine the cause of the failure in the formation of language competence.