№ 04 (April)

The paper examines the problem of increase in the scientific potential of regional universities, attraction of extra-budgetary funds to research and design developments. The dependence of university science on the level of the economic development of region, industrial production determining demand on the innovation projects, to the introduction high technologies is shown. The author proposes package of measures, which facilitate the convergence of scientific research and design activity of the scientists independent of their departmental belonging to increase in their competitive ability.

The paper contains the results of nuclear structuring of Russian regional economic system of 82 subjects in terms of nominal gross regional product in 2014, quantifying the level of competition on this indicator on the basis of the generated according to the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation ranking of regions and analyzes the transformation of the system in 1998–2014.

The technique of definition of grains tops on a working surface of a tool is considered in the paper. Under the action of various processes of wear, the distribution of grains tops forming the relief of the working surface of abrasive tool is constantly changing. Features of formation of a working surface of circles of various characteristics are shown at grinding on various depths. Also the quantity of the grains, which have left a trace on the processed surface is defined, law of their distribution for the first time is established. The results of the research of a working surface are resulted at flat grinding of stainless steel Р6М5. Efficiency increase of production is proved.

The paper deals with the problems that lead to the concept of a derivative: the tangent to the curve and the instantaneous rate of change of the function. A generalization function is introduced, which is a derivative, but it is determined without using the theory of limits. The method by which the generalization function is defined is called the generalization method.

The paper presents experience of innovative implementation of a role play “Relations between Chemistry and Other Natural Sciences and Mathematics: Issue of Leadership between Sciences” in Masters’ studies. Use of this method facilitates business communications, sustains mental activity of participants, provides team building and prepares conditions for creative thinking.

The paper reviews the fragments from G. Ch. Andersen's fairy tales describing physical phenomena. These fragments can be used on classes of physics and literature for inter-subject communications.

The paper is devoted to a problem of Russian art business development. The paper shows the main differences between the art market and other segments of the market. The applicability of standard marketing procedures to art market is indicated. The main stages of art market development in Russia are researched. The problems inherent to the domestic market of artworks are analyzed separately. A conclusion about the prospects of existence and development of this institute in Russia is made.

The paper deals with the results of an empirical research on formation of professional and valuable orientations of teachers with the different seniority. The use of statistical criteria gave the authentically significant distinctions of the values of relations, knowledge, qualities and abilities of teachers, and in the created type of professional and valuable orientations of representatives of the selection.

The paper deals with the urgency of comparative analysis of current terminology in the context of strategic management on the base of Russian and English languages. Special attention is paid to the goal, object and subject of the research. The issues of choosing methodological approaches and methods for the research development are also considered.

The paper presents the formation problem of the concept «tolerance». The author states the opinions’ change on the concept during Antiquity, Middle ages, Renaissance, New age, XIX, XX, XXI centuries. The tolerance sense went from patience to current views. These changes are described in connection and depending on pedagogical thought development during each period.

In order to increase the level of mathematical preparation of students of mathematical and technical specialties special attention is paid to the issues of higher mathematics, without a solid knowledge of which it is impossible to become good specialists in their field. Such important topics include the topic of numerical series. Their use is very wide: approximate evaluation of functions and integrals, replacement of complex functions is more straightforward, in particular by polynomials, whose properties are well studied; calculation of the limits, solution of differential equations. The paper deals with the example task to demonstrate the technique of the study of the convergence of numerical series with positive terms and benefits of this technique. The material is designed for students of technical specialties, but will be useful to the one interested in the theory of series. The author presents recommendations in the form of tasks and examples for exam preparation, practical training, control and watershed work, homework. The work material can be used by teachers, leading practical classes. The author assumes that the reader knows the basic concepts of the theory of infinitely small and large quantities, their comparison, different ways of calculating the limits.

The paper describes the issues related to the influence of sport on people’s life and health. Sport is one of the means for formation of a person. The purpose of this work is to show how this area of activity may affect not only physical health, but also the development of the moral qualities of person.

The paper examines the history of death penalty in Russia, the problematic issues of its application and cancellation in the modern Russian conditions. The author analyzes the statistical data on crime in the country, the results of sociological surveys, concluding that the death penalty is premature in Russia at the moment.

The paper focuses on translation methods of English metaphors and similes in literary text. Metaphor and simile translation techniques are analyzed and described on the examples from the novel W. S. Maugham "Theatre". The paper shows the specific features, problems and translation methods of the metaphors and similes.

The paper deals with the strategy to attract distributors in direct sales companies through the channels of Internet marketing in Russia. Specific activities of distributors, regional search of geo-dependent and geo-independent queries, selection of audience basing on hyperlocal targeting are described in the paper.

Economic growth and welfare of citizens in any state is the innovative development of its society. Innovation policy is an integral part of state social and economic policy. In our modern times, the economic power of the state is predetermined by innovative activity on its territory and the possession of competitive advantages in the field of technology.

In this article, we propose a version of the material on the subject "Vector algebra." For convenience of perception, the theoretical part is presented in the form of a table. The tasks on this topic are selected in such a way that, when solving them, students should use all the studied material. Particular attention is paid to the upbringing of students' self-control in the process of solving problems.

In work the method of presentation of the topic "Functions of random variables" in the course "Probability theory". The article is written based on years of experience teaching this subject and will be useful for both students and teachers in conducting practical classes. There are no proofs of the theorems used, however, a list of references that can be consulted for more detailed explanations. Considered a large number of examples that will allow students to learn the material under study to the extent necessary. The aim of this work is to help students to acquire skills in the application of probability methods to the solution of various problems.

Today the market economy places high demands on the quality of preparation of economists for the agrarian sector. Profession depends on successful self-determination not only of graduates of higher vocational education, but also secondary school students. The paper is devoted to problems of vocational guidance and consulting of future specialists. The analysis of a person, from adolescence and to mature, when the formation is already finished, is made. The practical significance of this provides a "road map" of the primary individual psychological consultations for rural youth, career guidance activities (for adolescents and young adults), and clearly stated meaning-contents characteristics of the consulting aspects.

The significant role of archaic ideas about the phenomenon of “chaos” in the structure of consciousness makes clear the meaning of the term «chaos» in social philosophy and sociology. In recent decades, science was the destruction of the classical mechanism and such theories as quantum physics, non-equilibrium thermodynamics, statistical physics, and particularly synergy developed, which were the main reasons for the increased attention to the paradigm of chaos. Modern science tries to understand how order emerges out of chaos and views the theory of synergy. In the article the attempt of analysis of the process of transformation of chaos to social order with the use of a synergistic approach.

The successful development of the national economic system depends mainly on monetary policy. Since the early 1990-ies the developed monetary policy comes to the fore in the system of state regulation of the market economic system. At the present stage, Russian economic system is experiencing a crisis. The consequence of this situation in national economy is characterized by such factors as the significant depreciation of the national currency, the collapse in commodity prices and stock markets, to impose sanctions against Russia, the manifestation of inflationary processes etc. Running in such adverse economic conditions is a complex process. Therefore, the minimization of these factors and further elimination is needed. One of the tools that can solve a number of negative phenomena in the economy in the short and medium term can be the competent monetary policy.

The paper deals with the different approaches to the delineation of polysemy and homonymy in linguistic terminology. Examples of different lexicographic representations of linguistic terms are described, as a lexical-semantic variant of a multivalued word or a separate lexical unit (homonym).

The paper is devoted to the topical problem of professional competence formation of the modern representative of the technical intelligentsia while mastering skills of public speech. The possibilities of studying linguistic disciplines in the transport university in mastering the various types of rhetorical skills: defend his point of view, joint activities, develop common solutions are described. The author examines the characteristics of work in the process of organizing learning activities in practical classes; independent work on final study and public performance. The conclusion to improve communicative competence as a component of professional competence is made.

The article is devoted to the questions of setting, approbation and introduction into the practice of the work of the educational institution of the course of additional mathematical education for students of the 5th and 6th grades "Developing Mathematics". The author points out the main aspects that influenced the selection of the content of the course, suggests a methodology for organizing classes in various forms based on modular structure of the course structure, as well as organizational and methodological recommendations for conducting the course in general education organizations.